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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0536-1036</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Лесной журнал</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal)</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37482/0536-1036-2026-1-174-189</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, МАШИНЫ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ДЛЯ ЛЕСНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА И ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ДРЕВЕСИНЫ</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>TECHNOLOGIES, MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT IN FOREST MANAGEMENT AND WOOD PROCESSING</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Точность формирования прямоугольных шипов способом торцового прессования без базирующей оснастки</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>The Accuracy of Forming Rectangular Tenons by End-Pressing without Guiding Tooling</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ведерников</surname>
            <given-names>Я.Д.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ведерников</surname>
              <given-names>Я.Д.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Vedernikov</surname>
              <given-names>Yaroslav D.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>vedernikov@vyatsu.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-6839-5152</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">NYT-2403-2025</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Рублева</surname>
            <given-names>О.А.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Рублева</surname>
              <given-names>О.А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Rubleva</surname>
              <given-names>Olga A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>rubleva@vyatsu.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0756-6130</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">Q-7239-2017</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Васильева</surname>
            <given-names>Е.С.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Васильева</surname>
              <given-names>Е.С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Vasilyeva</surname>
              <given-names>Elizaveta S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>es_vasilieva@vyatsu.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-7664-0538</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">NZN-4596-2025</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Шишкина</surname>
            <given-names>Е.Е.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Шишкина</surname>
              <given-names>Е.Е.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Shishkina</surname>
              <given-names>Elena E.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>elenashishkina@yandex.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2584-4897</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">O-6021-2018</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Гороховский</surname>
            <given-names>А.Г.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Гороховский</surname>
              <given-names>А.Г.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Gorokhovsky</surname>
              <given-names>Alexandr G.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8847-8217</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">O-6030-2018</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Вятский государственный университет</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Vyatka State University</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный лесотехнический университет</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Forest Engineering University</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-20">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>174</fpage>
      <lpage>189</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-19">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-31">
          <day>31</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-10-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Ведерников Я.Д., Рублева О.А., Васильева Е.С., Шишкина Е.Е., Гороховский А.Г., 2026</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ведерников Я.Д., Рублева О.А., Васильева Е.С., Шишкина Е.Е., Гороховский А.Г.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vedernikov Ya.D., Rubleva O.A., Vasilyeva E.S., Shishkina E.E., Gorokhovsky A.G.</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Представлен анализ экспериментальных данных по определению точности изготовления элементов шиповых соединений в заготовках из сосны, полученных способом торцового прессования без применения базирующе-обжимной оснастки. В качестве формообразующего инструмента использовался специализированный пуансон из стали 45 с геометрическими параметрами: толщина шипов – 2,2 мм, ширина проушин – 2,0 мм, высота – 10 мм. Прессование выполнялось на гидравлическом прессе с усилием от 800 до 1100 кгс и скоростью от 1,5 до 2 мм/с. Цель исследования – экспериментальная оценка точности формирования прямоугольных шипов, полученных холодным торцовым прессованием, для определения ее соответствия требованиям, предъявляемым к заготовкам для последующего сращивания по длине. Измерены толщины шипов и ширины проушин на 18 заготовках. Шипы и проушины условно подразделили на 2 группы: находящиеся в крайних зонах ближе к боковым кромкам заготовки и находящиеся в центральной зоне. Для оценки влияния расположения элементов относительно кромок на отклонение их размеров проведен 1-факторный дисперсионный анализ (ANOVA) в MS Excel. Определено, что точность ширины проушин и толщины шипов соответствует 11–12 квалитетам, однако крайние правые элементы имеют отклонения до 14 квалитетов. Положение проушин относительно кромки заготовки статистически значимо воздействует на точность, тогда как для шипов данная гипотеза не подтвердилась. Спрогнозирована точность формирования шипов торцовым прессованием: 95 % элементов шипового соединения будут соответствовать полям допусков JS13 для проушин и js13 для шипов. Для повышения точности изготовления элементов шипового соединения необходимо внедрение обжимной оснастки для компенсации перекосов и отжима крайних шипов, а также коррекция базирования заготовок направляющими элементами оснастки.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The article presents an analysis of experimental data on the manufacturing accuracy of tenon joint elements in pine workpieces produced by end pressing without using locating-clamping tooling. A specialized punch made of 45 steel was used as a forming tool, its geometric parameters are following: tenon thickness – 2.2 mm, mortise width – 2.0 mm, and height – 10 mm. Pressing was performed on a hydraulic press with a force ranging from 800 to 1100 kgf and a speed of 1.5 to 2 mm/s. The study aimed to experimentally evaluate the forming accuracy of rectangular tenons produced by cold end pressing to determine their compliance with requirements for workpieces intended for subsequent lengthwise splicing. Tenon thicknesses and mortise widths were measured on 18 workpieces. The tenons and mortises were conditionally divided into 2 groups: those located in edge zones closer to the workpiece side edges and those in the central zone. A one-way ANOVA in MS Excel was conducted to assess the influence of element position relative to edges on dimensional deviations. Results showed that mortise width and tenon thickness accuracy corresponded to IT11–12 grades, though edge elements on the right side exhibited deviations up to IT14. The position of mortises relative to workpiece edges had statistically significant effects on accuracy, while this hypothesis was not confirmed for tenons. The achievable accuracy for end-pressed tenon forming was predicted: 95 % of joint elements would comply with JS13 tolerance fields for mortises and js13 – for tenons. To improve forming accuracy, implementing clamping tooling to compensate for skewing and edge tenon springback is recommended, along with workpiece positioning correction using guide elements in the tooling.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>древесина сосны</kwd>
        <kwd>шиповое соединение</kwd>
        <kwd>холодное торцовое прессование</kwd>
        <kwd>точность обработки</kwd>
        <kwd>дисперсионный анализ</kwd>
        <kwd>квалитеты точности</kwd>
        <kwd>штамповая оснастка</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>pine wood</kwd>
        <kwd>tenon joint</kwd>
        <kwd>cold end pressing</kwd>
        <kwd>machining accuracy</kwd>
        <kwd>ANOVA (analysis of variance)</kwd>
        <kwd>IT accuracy grades</kwd>
        <kwd>stamping tooling</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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