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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0536-1036</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Лесной журнал</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal)</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ФГАОУ ВО «Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37482/0536-1036-2026-4-50-62</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/fj/article/view/2687</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Зависимость скорости фотосинтеза и транспирации Pinus sylvestris L. и Picea abies L. от факторов среды</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>The Effect of Environmental Factors on Photosynthesis and Transpiration Rates in Pinus sylvestris L. and Picea abies L.</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Молчанов</surname>
            <given-names>А.Г.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Молчанов</surname>
              <given-names>А.Г.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Molchanov</surname>
              <given-names>Alexander G.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>a.georgievich@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0001-0252-3599</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">J-1392-2016</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт лесоведения РАН (с. Успенское, Московская обл., Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Forest Science Russian Academy of Sciences (s. Uspenskoe, Moscow Region, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-10">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>50</fpage>
      <lpage>62</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-20">
          <day>20</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-07-19">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Молчанов А.Г., 2026</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Молчанов А.Г.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Molchanov A.G.</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/fj/article/view/2687">https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/fj/article/view/2687</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>В естественных условиях при оптимальной влажности почвы в начале вегетационного периода сравнивали фотосинтез и транспирацию сосны и ели. Исследование проводилось в Серебряноборском лесничестве Института лесоведения РАН Московской области. Актуальность работы обусловлена значительностью количества усохших ельников и желательностью проведения на этих участках посадок сосны. Сравнительные исследования фотосинтеза и транспирации сосны и ели, произрастающих в одинаковых условиях, немногочисленны. Для определения фотосинтеза и транспирации использовали негерметичные открытые камеры. Интенсивность фотосинтеза и транспирации охвоенных побегов определяли по разности концентраций соответственно СО2 и H2O между наружным и выходящим из камеры воздухом, интенсивности протягивания воздушного потока и горизонтальной площади проекции поверхности хвои в экспозиционной камере. Концентрации СО2 и Н2О измеряли с помощью портативного инфракрасного газоанализатора LI-840 (Li-Cor, США). Обеднение воздуха СО2 в камере в среднем было на 2 % ниже, чем в окружающем воздухе. Побудителями расхода воздуха служили мембранные микрокомпрессоры (Sonic-388, Китай). Полученные данные показали, что интенсивность фотосинтеза за малооблачный день была выше у сосны более чем на 88 %, чем у ели. В облачный день различия оказались ниже – 20 %. В малооблачный и пасмурный дни различия в интенсивности транспирации у обеих пород были меньше – 18,5 и 20 % соответственно. Характер зависимости СО2-газоомена у сосны и ели от солнечной радиации и температуры воздуха схож, различия наблюдаются только по интенсивности, хотя в условиях недостаточного водообеспечения сосна показывает более высокий фотосинтез. У сосны в оптимальных лесорастительных условиях интенсивность СО2-газообмена выше, чем у ели, почти в 2 раза. Полученные расчетные данные по фотосинтезу и транспирации были близки экспериментальным. Транспирация по характеру зависимости у сосны и ели различается значительно сильнее. У сосны различие обусловлено в основном солнечной радиацией, у ели – температурой воздуха.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>We compared photosynthesis and transpiration in pine and spruce trees growing in natural conditions with optimal soil moisture at the beginning of the growing season. The research was carried out at the Serebryanoborsk Forest District of the Institute of Forest Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Moscow Region. The research relevance stems from the significant amount of dead spruce stands and the need for pine reforestation in these areas. There are few comparative studies of photosynthesis and transpiration in pine and spruce trees growing under similar conditions. Leaky open chambers were used to measure photosynthesis and transpiration. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration in the needle shoots were measured based on the difference in the CO2 and H2O concentrations, respectively, between the air outside the chamber and the air exiting the chamber, the airflow velocity, and the horizontal surface area of the needles in the exposure chamber. The CO2 and H2O concentrations were measured using a LI-840 portable infrared gas analyzer (Li-Cor, USA). The air depletion by CO2 in the chamber was, on average, 2 % lower than in the ambient air. The air flow was driven by diaphragm microcompressors (Sonic-388, China). The data showed that, on a mostly sunny day, the rate of photosynthesis in pine trees was more than 88 % higher than in spruce trees. On a cloudy day, the differences were significantly lower (20 %). On a mostly sunny and overcast days, the differences in transpiration rates between the two species were smaller; 18.5 and 20 %, respectively. The relationship between CO2 exchange in pine and spruce and solar radiation and air temperature is similar; differences are observed only in terms of intensity, although in conditions of water stress, pine shows higher photosynthesis rates. The CO2 gas exchange intensity in pine trees under optimal forest growing conditions is nearly twice as high as that in spruce trees. The calculated data on photosynthesis and transpiration were close to the experimental values. The nature of the relationship between transpiration and other factors differs significantly more between pine and spruce. In pine, the differences are mainly due to solar radiation, whereas in spruce, they occur due to air temperature.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>сосна</kwd>
        <kwd>Pinus sylvestris L.</kwd>
        <kwd>ель</kwd>
        <kwd>Picea abies L.</kwd>
        <kwd>фотосинтез</kwd>
        <kwd>транспирация</kwd>
        <kwd>солнечная радиация</kwd>
        <kwd>зависимость фотосинтеза от солнечной радиации</kwd>
        <kwd>зависимость транспирации от солнечной радиации</kwd>
        <kwd>температура воздуха</kwd>
        <kwd>влажность воздуха</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>pine</kwd>
        <kwd>Pinus sylvestris L.</kwd>
        <kwd>spruce</kwd>
        <kwd>Picea abies L.</kwd>
        <kwd>photosynthesis</kwd>
        <kwd>transpiration</kwd>
        <kwd>solar radiation</kwd>
        <kwd>effect of solar radiation on photosynthesis</kwd>
        <kwd>effect of solar radiation on transpiration</kwd>
        <kwd>air temperature</kwd>
        <kwd>air humidity</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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