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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0536-1036</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Лесной журнал</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal)</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ФГАОУ ВО «Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37482/0536-1036-2026-4-193-200</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/fj/article/view/2698</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ И ОБМЕН ОПЫТОМ</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>BRIFF SUMMARIES AND EXPERIENCE EXCHANGE</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Возрастные изменения участия деревьев разных классов Крафта в структуре культур Picea abies (L.)</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Age-Related Changes in the Participation of Trees of Different Kraft Classes in the Structure of Picea abies (L.) Plantations</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Мерзленко</surname>
            <given-names>М.Д.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Мерзленко</surname>
              <given-names>М.Д.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Merzlenko</surname>
              <given-names>Mikhail D.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>md.merzlenko@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0887-3178</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">J-1359-2016</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Брынцев</surname>
            <given-names>В.А.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Брынцев</surname>
              <given-names>В.А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Bryntsev</surname>
              <given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>bryntsev@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6271-1444</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">O-4591-2019</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Коженкова</surname>
            <given-names>А.А.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Коженкова</surname>
              <given-names>А.А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kozhenkova</surname>
              <given-names>Anna A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>kozhenkova_anna@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1518-7165</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAN-2228-2021</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт лесоведения РАН (с. Успенское, Московская обл., Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Forest Science Russian Academy of Sciences (s. Uspenskoye, Moscow Region, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Главный ботанический сад им. Н.В. Цицина РАН (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-10">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>193</fpage>
      <lpage>200</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-07">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-05-27">
          <day>27</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Мерзленко М.Д., Брынцев В.А., Коженкова А.А., 2026</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мерзленко М.Д., Брынцев В.А., Коженкова А.А.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Merzlenko M.D., Bryntsev V.A., Kozhenkova A.A.</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/fj/article/view/2698">https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/fj/article/view/2698</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Изучались возрастные изменения участия деревьев разных классов Крафта в структуре лесных культур ели европейской (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), произрастающих в центре Русской равнины в лесорастительных условиях ельника-кисличника (Piceetum oxalidosum). Расчленение искусственного насаждения на классы Крафта отражает функциональную иерархию одновидового дендроценоза и его специфику во времени. Актуальность работы обусловлена отсутствием подобных исследований для искусственных дендроценозов. Динамика ранговой структуры классов Крафта рассмотрена в чистых по составу лесных культурах ели европейской на протяжении 15–90-летнего возрастного периода. Установлено, что до 40 лет распределение деревьев по классам Крафта соответствует кривой нормального распределения. Затем динамика долевого участия классов носит волнообразный характер, сдвигаясь в сторону высших рангов (I и II классов). Это связано с отпадом в возрастах 30–35, 50 и 80 лет. В возрасте 40, 60 и 90 лет резко уменьшается доля деревьев IV–V классов и максимально возрастает доля деревьев I и II классов. Установлено, что редукционные числа как по высоте, так и по среднепериодическому текущему приросту объема ствола строго дифференцированы по классам Крафта. Большие редукционные числа, свойственные деревьям I и II классов по сравнению с деревьями других классов на протяжении 90 лет развития культур, являются результатом интенсивных ростовых процессов. Это делает деревья I и II классов Крафта перспективными в течение всего хода искусственного лесовыращивания. Они особенно ценны в плантационном лесоводстве.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The research covered age-related changes in the proportion of trees belonging to different Kraft classes in the structure of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest plantations growing in the central Russian Plain under the site conditions of the wood sorrel spruce forest (Piceetum oxalidosum). The classification of an artificial stand into Kraft classes reflects the functional hierarchy of a single-species tree community and its temporal dynamics. The study relevance stems from the lack of similar research on artificial tree communities. The Kraft classes’ rank structure dynamics were observed in pure stands of European spruce over a 15–90-year age range. It has been found that the distribution of trees (up to 40 years old) by Kraft classes follows a normal distribution curve. Subsequently, the trend in the proportion of each class follows a wave-like pattern, shifting toward the higher ranks (Classes I and II). This is due to a decline at the ages of 30–35, 50, and 80. At the ages of 40, 60, and 90, the proportion of the IV–V class trees decreases sharply, while the proportion of the I and II class trees reaches its peak. It has also been found that the reduction rates for both height and the average periodic current increment in trunk volume are strictly differentiated according to Kraft classes. The intensive growth processes result in the high reduction rates observed in the I and II class trees compared to trees of other classes over the entire 90-year development of stands. This makes the I and II Kraft class trees promising throughout the entire course of artificial forest growing. They are particularly valuable in plantation forestry.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>лесные культуры</kwd>
        <kwd>ель европейская</kwd>
        <kwd>классы Крафта</kwd>
        <kwd>редукционное число</kwd>
        <kwd>среднепериодический текущий прирост</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>forest plantations</kwd>
        <kwd>Norway spruce</kwd>
        <kwd>Kraft classes</kwd>
        <kwd>reduction number</kwd>
        <kwd>average periodic current increment</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках госзадания ИЛАН РАН по теме № 126021217092-3 (М.Д. Мерзленко) и в рамках госзадания ГБС РАН по теме № 126020916823-0 (В.А. Брынцев и А.А. Коженкова).</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Institute of Forest Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, topic No. 126021217092-3 (M.D. Merzlenko) and within the framework of the state assignment of the Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences, topic No. 126020916823-0 (V.A. Bryntsev and A.A. Kozhenkova).</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
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