<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2687-1491</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал медико-биологических исследований</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Medical and Biological Research</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37482/2687-1491-Z281</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/med/article/view/2309</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Модификация секреции катехоламинов хромаффиноцитами мозгового вещества надпочечников этанолом и освещением в эксперименте</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Modification of Catecholamine Secretion from Chromaffin Cells of the Adrenal Medulla by Ethanol and Lighting in an Experiment</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Штемплевская</surname>
            <given-names>Евгения Вадимовна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Штемплевская</surname>
              <given-names>Евгения Вадимовна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Shtemplevskaya</surname>
              <given-names>Evgeniya V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9776-272X</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Чернов</surname>
            <given-names>Игорь Алексеевич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Чернов</surname>
              <given-names>Игорь Алексеевич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Chernov</surname>
              <given-names>Igor A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>chern_igor@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6475-5731</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Авдалян</surname>
            <given-names>Ашот Меружанович</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Авдалян</surname>
              <given-names>Ашот Меружанович</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Avdalyan</surname>
              <given-names>Ashot M.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2229-1713</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ничипоров</surname>
            <given-names>Андрей Ильич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ничипоров</surname>
              <given-names>Андрей Ильич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Nichiporov</surname>
              <given-names>Andrey I.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-6895-5278</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Сиповский</surname>
            <given-names>Василий Георгиевич</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Сиповский</surname>
              <given-names>Василий Георгиевич</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Sipovskiy</surname>
              <given-names>Vasiliy G.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1512-8037</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Макарцева</surname>
            <given-names>Людмила Андреевна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Макарцева</surname>
              <given-names>Людмила Андреевна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Makartseva</surname>
              <given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1882-8848</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Кириллов</surname>
            <given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Кириллов</surname>
              <given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kirillov</surname>
              <given-names>Yuri A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3555-0902</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Тюменский государственный медицинский университет (Тюмень, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Tyumen State Medical University (Tyumen, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка» (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka” (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">B.V. Petrovsky Russian Research Centre of Surgery (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-18">
        <day>18</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>14</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>14</fpage>
      <lpage>23</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-17">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-12-25">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Штемплевская Е.В., Чернов И.А., Авдалян А.М., Ничипоров А.И., Сиповский В.Г., Макарцева Л.А., Кириллов Ю.А., 2026</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Штемплевская Е.В., Чернов И.А., Авдалян А.М., Ничипоров А.И., Сиповский В.Г., Макарцева Л.А., Кириллов Ю.А.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stemplevskaya E.V., Chernov I.A., Avdalyan A.M., Nichiporov A.I., Sipovsky V.G., Makartseva L.M., Kirillov Yu.A.</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/med/article/view/2309">https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/med/article/view/2309</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>При алкогольной болезни этанол и его метаболиты, в частности ацетальдегид, в первую очередь повреждают нервную, сердечно-сосудистую системы и печень. Вместе с тем в течение последних трех десятилетий наблюдается увеличение частоты развития острой надпочечниковой недостаточности (геморрагического адреналита) у лиц, страдающих алкогольной болезнью, особенно при различных стрессорных ситуациях, включая травмы, оперативные вмешательства, манифестации инфекционных осложнений. Целью настоящей работы является изучение структурных и функциональных особенностей модификации секреции катехоламинов хромаффиноцитами мозгового вещества надпочечников под влиянием этанола и освещения в эксперименте. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 90 крысах-самцах линии Wistar (возраст – 6 мес.). Животные были разделены на три равные группы: контрольную (общий рацион и традиционный режим освещения «день/ночь») и две опытных, получавших в качестве питья 15 %-й раствор этанола и находившихся либо при традиционном режиме освещения «день/ночь» (первая), либо при постоянном освещении (вторая). Хромаффиноциты изучались морфологически, включая ультраструктурный анализ, и морфометрически. Содержание катехоламинов в сыворотке крови определялось методом конкурентного иммуноферментного анализа. Результаты. Употребление раствора этанола крысами приводило к ослаблению гетерогенности популяций хромаффиноцитов, инициации модификации секреции катехоламинов, что проявлялось нарушением структуры и организации секреторных компартментов. В сочетании с постоянным освещением этанол вызывал утрату гетерогенности хромаффиноцитов, ретардацию экзоцитоза, инициацию и дальнейшую реализацию секреции по типу микроапокринии, суть которой сводится к высвобождению содержимого секреторных гранул непосредственно в цитоплазму клетки, что сопровождается дисбалансом уровней адреналина и норадреналина в крови.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>In alcoholic disease, ethanol and its metabolites, in particular, acetaldehyde, primarily damage the liver as well as the nervous and cardiovascular systems. At the same time, recent decades have seen an increase in the incidence of acute adrenal insufficiency (haemorrhagic adrenalitis) in people suffering from alcoholism, especially during stressful situations, including injuries, surgical interventions and infectious complications. The purpose of this article was to study the structural and functional features of the modification of catecholamine secretion from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla under the influence of ethanol and lighting in the experiment. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on 90 male Wistar rats aged 6 months. The animals were divided into three equal groups: control (general diet and traditional lighting) and two experimental groups who received a 15 % solution of ethanol as a drink and were either under traditional day/night lighting (group 1) or under constant lighting (group 2). Chromaffin cells were studied morphologically, including ultrastructural analysis, and morphometrically. Catecholamine content was determined by competitive immunoassay. Results. The use of ethanol solution weakened the heterogeneity of chromaffin cell populations and launched a modification of catecholamine secretion, which was manifested in damaged structure and organization of secretory compartments. In combination with constant lighting, ethanol caused the loss of heterogeneity by chromaffin cells and retardation of exocytosis, launched and facilitated micro-apocrine secretion, which is, essentially, the release of the contents of secretory granules directly into the cytoplasm, accompanied by an imbalance in epinephrine and norepinephrine levels in the blood.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>алкогольная болезнь</kwd>
        <kwd>комбинация этанола с освещением</kwd>
        <kwd>хромаффиноциты</kwd>
        <kwd>мозговое вещество надпочечников</kwd>
        <kwd>модификация секреции катехоламинов</kwd>
        <kwd>ретардация экзоцитоза</kwd>
        <kwd>крысы</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>alcoholic disease</kwd>
        <kwd>combination of ethanol and lighting</kwd>
        <kwd>chromaffin cells</kwd>
        <kwd>adrenal medulla</kwd>
        <kwd>modification of catecholamine secretion</kwd>
        <kwd>retardation of exocytosis</kwd>
        <kwd>rats</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ref1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чернов И.А., Макарцева Л.А., Авдалян А.М., Проценко Д.Н., Муратова М.В., Кириллов Ю.А. Морфофункциональное состояние мозгового вещества надпочечников и их циркадные ритмы в условиях постоянного освещения и хронической алкогольной интоксикации // Мед. наука и образование Урала. 2023. Т. 24, № 1(113). С. 119–126.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пауков В.С., Воронина Т.М., Кириллов Ю.А., Малышева Е.М. Структурно-функциональные основы алкогольной болезни // Рос. журн. гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2018. Т. 28, № 5. С. 7–17. https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-5-7-17</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singhal M., Sharma S., Tom N.B., Agarwal M.K., Mathur A. A Study of Adrenal Insufficiency in Hemodynamically Stable Patients with Cirrhosis // J. Assoc. Physicians India. 2022. Vol. 70, № 4. Р. 11–12.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park S.H., Joo M.S., Kim B.H., Yoo H.N., Kim S.E., Kim J., Jang M.K., Kim D.J., Lee M.S. Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Adrenal Insufficiency in Hemodynamically Stable Patients with Cirrhosis // Medicine (Baltimore). 2018. Vol. 97, № 26. Art. № e11046. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000011046</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Söderpalm B., Ericson M. Alcohol and the Dopamine System // Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 2024. Vol. 175. P. 21–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2024.02.003</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christopher V., Murthy S., Sr A., Singh S., Cp A., Shivaram S.K., Neethupriya. Morphometry as a Diagnostic Tool for Potentially Malignant Lesions // J. Clin. Diagn. Res. 2015. Vol. 9, № 12. Р. ZC22–ZC25. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/15838.6959</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karnovsky M.J. A Formaldehyde-Glutaraldehyde Fixative of High Osmolality for Use in Electron Microscopy // J. Cell Biol. 1965. Vol. 27. P. 137–138A.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kawamura H., Ichihara I. Possible Microapocrine-Type Secretion Developing in Prostatic Secretory Epithelial Cells of Older Rats in the Early Stage of Castration // Anat. Anz. 1987. Vol. 163, № 4. P. 289–300.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saluja A., Hashimoto S., Saluja M., Powers R.E., Meldolesi J., Steer M.L. Subcellular Redistribution of Lysosomal Enzymes During Caerulein-Induced Pancreatitis // Am. J. Physiol. 1987. Vol. 253, № 4, pt. 1. P. 508–516. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1987.253.4.G508</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Talukdar R., Sareen A., Zhu H., Yuan Z., Dixit A., Cheema H., George J., Barlass U., Sah R., Garg S.K., Banerjee S., Garg P., Dudeja V., Dawra R., Saluja A.K. Release of Cathepsin B in Cytosol Causes Cell Death in Acute Pancreatitis // Gastroenterology. 2016. Vol. 151, № 4. P. 747–758.e5. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2016.06.0422</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reunov A., Reunov A., Pimenova E., Reunova Y., Menchinskaiya E., Lapshina L., Aminin D. The Study of the Calpain and Caspase-1 Expression in Ultrastructural Dynamics of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Necrosis // Gene. 2018. Vol. 658. P. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.012</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakashima T., Wang K.Y., Matsuoka H., Ogawa K., Endo Y., Harada K., Inoue M. Developmental Changes in Gap Junction Expression in Rat Adrenal Medullary Chromaffin Cells // Acta Histochem. Cytochem. 2024. Vol. 57, № 6. Р. 189–197. https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.24-00033</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brodie M.S., Scholz A., Weiger T.M., Dopico A.M. Ethanol Interactions with Calcium-Dependent Potassium Channels // Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 2007. Vol. 31, № 10. P. 1625–1632. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00469.x</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harada K., Matsuoka H., Inoue M. Expression of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins and GABA Signaling Molecules in Unstimulated and Nerve Growth Factor-Stimulated PC12 Cells: Models for Chromaffin Cells and Sympathetic Neurons // J. Histochem. Cytochem. 2025. Vol. 73, № 5-6. P. 251–266. https://doi.org/10.1369/00221554251332981</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref15">
        <label>15</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park S.Y., Walker J.J., Johnson N.W., Zhao Z., Lightman S.L., Spiga F. Constant Light Disrupts the Circadian Rhythm of Steroidogenic Proteins in the Rat Adrenal Gland // Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2013. Vol. 371, № 1–2. P. 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2012.11.010</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref16">
        <label>16</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurhaluk N., Tkachenko H. Melatonin and Alcohol-Related Disorders // Chronobiol. Int. 2020. Vol. 37, № 6. Р. 781–803. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2020.1761372</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref17">
        <label>17</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ernst O.P., Lodowski D.T., Elstner M., Hegemann P., Brown L.S., Kandori H. Microbial and Animal Rhodopsins: Structures, Functions, and Molecular Mechanisms // Chem. Rev. 2024. Vol. 114, № 1. P. 126–363. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr4003769</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref18">
        <label>18</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernov I.A., Makartseva L.A., Avdalyan A.M., Protsenko D.N., Muratova M.V., Kirillov Yu.A. Morfofunktsional’noe sostoyanie mozgovogo veshchestva nadpochechnikov i ikh tsirkadnye ritmy v usloviyakh postoyannogo osveshcheniya i khronicheskoy alkogol’noy intoksikatsii [Morphofunctional State of the Adrenal Medulla and the Circadian Rhythms of the Adrenal Glands Under Continuous Lighting and Chronic Alcohol Intoxication]. Meditsinskaya nauka i obrazovanie Urala, 2023, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 119–126.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref19">
        <label>19</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paukov V.S., Voronina Т.М., Kirillov Yu.A., Malysheva E.M. Structural and Functional Fundamentals of Alcoholic Disease. Russ. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Coloproctol., 2018, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 7–17 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-5-7-17</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref20">
        <label>20</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singhal M., Sharma S., Tom N.B., Agarwal M.K., Mathur A. A Study of Adrenal Insufficiency in Hemodynamically Stable Patients with Cirrhosis. J. Assoc. Physicians India, 2022, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 11–12.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref21">
        <label>21</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park S.H., Joo M.S., Kim B.H., Yoo H.N., Kim S.E., Kim J., Jang M.K., Kim D.J., Lee M.S. Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Adrenal Insufficiency in Hemodynamically Stable Patients with Cirrhosis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2018, vol. 97, no. 26. Art. no. e11046. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000011046</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref22">
        <label>22</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Söderpalm B., Ericson M. Alcohol and the Dopamine System. Int. Rev. Neurobiol., 2024, vol. 175, pp. 21–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2024.02.003</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref23">
        <label>23</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christopher V., Murthy S., Sr A., Singh S., Cp A., Shivaram S.K., Neethupriya. Morphometry as a Diagnostic Tool for Potentially Malignant Lesions. J. Clin. Diagn. Res., 2015, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. ZC22–ZC25. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/15838.6959</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref24">
        <label>24</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karnovsky M.J. A Formaldehyde-Glutaraldehyde Fixative of High Osmolality for Use in Electron Microscopy. J. Cell Biol., 1965, vol. 27, pp. 137–138A.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref25">
        <label>25</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kawamura H., Ichihara I. Possible Microapocrine-Type Secretion Developing in Prostatic Secretory Epithelial Cells of Older Rats in the Early Stage of Castration. Anat. Anz., 1987, vol. 163, no. 4, pp. 289–300.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref26">
        <label>26</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saluja A., Hashimoto S., Saluja M., Powers R.E., Meldolesi J., Steer M.L. Subcellular Redistribution of Lysosomal Enzymes During Caerulein-Induced Pancreatitis. Am. J. Physiol., 1987, vol. 253, no. 4, pt. 1, pp. 508–516. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1987.253.4.G508</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref27">
        <label>27</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Talukdar R., Sareen A., Zhu H., Yuan Z., Dixit A., Cheema H., George J., Barlass U., Sah R., Garg S.K., Banerjee S., Garg P., Dudeja V., Dawra R., Saluja A.K. Release of Cathepsin B in Cytosol Causes Cell Death in Acute Pancreatitis. Gastroenterology, 2016, vol. 151, no. 4, pp. 747–758.e5. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2016.06.0422</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref28">
        <label>28</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reunov A., Reunov A., Pimenova E., Reunova Y., Menchinskaiya E., Lapshina L., Aminin D. The Study of the Calpain and Caspase-1 Expression in Ultrastructural Dynamics of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Necrosis. Gene, 2018, vol. 658, pp. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.012</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref29">
        <label>29</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakashima T., Wang K.-Y., Matsuoka H., Ogawa K., Endo Y., Harada K., Inoue M. Developmental Changes in Gap Junction Expression in Rat Adrenal Medullary Chromaffin Cells. Acta Histochem. Cytochem., 2024, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 189–197. https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.24-00033</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref30">
        <label>30</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brodie M.S., Scholz A., Weiger T.M., Dopico A.M. Ethanol Interactions with Calcium-Dependent Potassium Channels. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res., 2007, vol. 31, no. 10, pp. 1625–1632. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00469.x</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref31">
        <label>31</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harada K., Matsuoka H., Inoue M. Expression of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins and GABA Signaling Molecules in Unstimulated and Nerve Growth Factor-Stimulated PC12 Cells: Models for Chromaffin Cells and Sympathetic Neurons. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 2025, vol. 73, no. 5-6, pp. 251–266. https://doi.org/10.1369/00221554251332981</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref32">
        <label>32</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park S.Y., Walker J.J., Johnson N.W., Zhao Z., Lightman S.L., Spiga F. Constant Light Disrupts the Circadian Rhythm of Steroidogenic Proteins in the Rat Adrenal Gland. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 2013, vol. 371, no. 1–2, pp. 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2012.11.010</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref33">
        <label>33</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurhaluk N., Tkachenko H. Melatonin and Alcohol-Related Disorders. Chronobiol. Int., 2020, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 781–803. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2020.1761372</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref34">
        <label>34</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ernst O.P., Lodowski D.T., Elstner M., Hegemann P., Brown L.S., Kandori H. Microbial and Animal Rhodopsins: Structures, Functions, and Molecular Mechanisms. Chem. Rev., 2024, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 126–363. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr4003769</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
