The Pigment Complex of the Assimilation Apparatus of Introduced Species in the Vologda Region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-4-123-132Keywords:
photosynthesis, pigments, assimilation, adaptation, introduction stress, photosystem, Picea pungens Engelm., Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon, Thuja occidentalis L., Vologda regionAbstract
Photosynthesis is one of the processes most sensitive to changes in environmental factors. Woody plants cultivated outside their natural ranges experience introduction stress. The acclimatization of introduced species is associated with structural, physiological and biochemical changes that ensure the possibility of photosynthesis under abnormal environmental conditions. The primary photoreceptors are chlorophylls and carotenoids, and their quantitative and qualitative compositions serve as a reliable diagnostic marker of the state of introduced species in a new environment. The study aims at detecting changes in the pigment complex of the photosynthetic apparatus of coniferous trees native to North America following their introduction into the boreal zone of Northern Europe. The study focused on populations of the introduced species Picea pungens Engelm., Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon, and Thuja occidentalis L. growing in the arboretum of the Vologda State Dairy Farming Academy named after V.N. Vereshchagin. The arboretum is located in a region with a typical moderate continental climate, with unstable weather patterns. The research results have shown that the levels of both chlorophylls and carotenoids fall within the optimal range. Introduced species were found to have lower levels of photosynthetic pigments compared to native species. The pigment content ranges from 1.35 to 1.81 mg/g of fresh weight. The ratio of photosynthetic pigments in introduced plants tends toward a conventional physiological norm. The values for Picea pungens and Thuja occidentalis are the closest to optimal. Among the other plant species studied, the deviation does not exceed 6 %, which contributes to their successful adaptation to new environmental conditions. The chlorophyll ratio for all the analyzed species does not exceed optimal values, which indicates adaptation occurrence and minimal introduction stress. The results confirm the adaptability of the photosynthetic apparatus of North American tree species and their ability to adapt to the ecological conditions of the boreal zone, making it possible to grow these species in the European North.
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