Introduction of Pinus sibirica Du Tour in Landscaping of Saint Petersburg

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-5-205-216

Keywords:

Siberian pine, introduction, stem diameter, stem height, needle length, shoot increment, lateral shoots number, Saint Petersburg, urban landscaping

Abstract

Urban landscaping in Saint Petersburg faces significant challenges due to specific climatic conditions shaped by the influx of moist marine air, as well as soil disturbance and contamination, and various forms of pollution, including light, noise, and vibration. Consequently, a matter of current importance is introduction of new plant species resilient to the urban environment. The research aimed at assessment of the growth, development, and ornamental quality of Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) plantings used for landscaping in Saint Petersburg. Seedlings with closed root systems, cultivated in Krasnoyarsk, were planted in the city’s Primorsky and Nevsky districts in 2018, 2020, and 2022. In 2024, thirty of those introduced trees were assessed. Assessment of morphological parameters confirmed good growth rates, high ornamental value, a healthy sanitary condition, and successful adaptation. The results show that, with adequate care, Siberian stone pine can not only adapt to conditions in central Saint Petersburg but also surpass the growth and ornamental quality of trees grown in nurseries within the species’ natural habitat. The monitoring initiated during this study should be continued. Upon successful completion of the experiment (once the trees reach the reproductive stage) this practice could be extended to other districts and municipal areas of Saint Petersburg with similar natural and climatic conditions. If the experiment continues successfully and is scaled up, Siberian stone pine should be recommended for more widespread use in public landscaping projects.

Funding: The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment related to the base project of the Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS and financially supported by the project “Biodiversity of Siberian Forests: Ecological and Dynamic, Genetic and Breeding, Physical and Chemical, and Resource and Technological Aspects” FWES-2024-0028.

For citation: Danilin A.I., Konovalova M.E., Danilina D.M. Introduction of Pinus sibirica Du Tour in Landscaping of Saint Petersburg. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal. 2026, no. 5, pp. 205–216. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-5-205-216

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Artem I. Danilin, Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS – Federal Research Center “Krasnoyrsk Science Center SB RAS”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Postgraduate Student

Maria E. Konovalova, Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS – Federal Research Center “Krasnoyrsk Science Center SB RAS”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Candidate of Biology; ResearcherID: AAN-2637-2021

Dilshad M. Danilina, Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS – Federal Research Center “Krasnoyrsk Science Center SB RAS”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Candidate of Biology; ResearcherID: HTQ-0882-2023

References

Агроклиматические ресурсы Ленинградской области. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1971. 120 с.

Agro-Climatic Resources of the Leningrad Region. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1971. 120 p. (In Russ.).

Алексеев В.А. Диагностика жизненного состояния деревьев и древостоев // Лесоведение. 1989. № 4. С. 51–57.

Alekseev V.A. Diagnostics of Tree Vitality and Stand Condition. Lesovedenie = Russian Journal of Forest Science, 1989, no. 4, pp. 51–57. (In Russ.).

Антипов В.Г. Устойчивость древесных растений к промышленным газам. Минск: Наука и техника, 1979. 216 с.

Antipov V.G. Woody Plants Resistance to Industrial Gases. Minsk, Nauka i tekhnika Publ., 1979. 216 p. (In Russ.).

Бех И.А., Данченко А.М., Кибиш И.В. Сосна кедровая сибирская. Томск: Томс. гос. ун-т, 2004. 158 с.

Bekh I.A., Danchenko A.M., Kibish I.V. Siberian Pine. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 2004. 158 p. (In Russ.).

Булыгин Н.Е., Фирсов Г.А. Итоги интродукции голосеменных растений в Санкт-Петербург // Растит. ресурсы. 2002. Т. 38, вып. 3. С. 30–44.

Bulygin N.E., Firsov G.A. The Results of the Gymnosperms Introduction to Saint Petersburg. Rastitelnye Resursy, 2002, vol. 38, iss. 3, pp. 30–44. (In Russ.).

Гайдышев И.П. Моделирование стохастических и детерминированных систем: Руководство пользователя программы AtteStat. Курган, 2015. 484 с.

Gaidyshev I.P. Modeling Stochastic and Deterministic Systems: AtteStat User’s Guide. Kurgan, 2015. 484 p. (In Russ.).

Гончарова О.А., Зотова О.Е. Pinus sibirica Du Tour в условиях интродукции на примере Полярно-альпийского ботанического сада-института // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2024. № 2. С. 178–188.

Goncharova O.A., Zotova O.E. Pinus sibirica Du Tour in the Conditions of Introduction by the Example of the Botanical Garden-Institute. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2024, no. 2, pp. 178–188. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-2-178-188

Данилин А.И., Коновалова М.Е. Выращивание сосны кедровой сибирской из 11-летнего посадочного материала в границах естественного ареала // Актуальные проблемы урболесоведения: сб. науч. тр. Всерос. науч.-практ. конф. с междунар. участием, посвящ. 95-летию со дня рождения чл.-кор. РАН Л.П. Рысина. М.: ГБС им. Н.В. Цицина РАН, 2024. С. 69–73.

Danilin A.I., Konovalova M.E. Cultivation of Siberian Pine from 11-Year-Old Planting Material within the Boundaries of Its Natural Area. Current Issues of Urban Forest Studies: Collection of Academic Papers of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation Dedicated to the 95th Anniversary of Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences L.P. Rysin. Moscow, N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden RAS, 2024, pp. 69–73. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.35102/cbg.2024.32.23.014

Дебков Н.М. Припоселковые кедровники юга Западно-Сибирской равнины: История и современное состояние, рекомендации по устойчивому управлению (на примере Томской области). М.: Всемирн. фонд дикой природы (WWF), 2014. 52 с.

Debkov N.M. Near-Village Siberian Pine Forests of the South of the West Siberian Plain: History and Current State, Recommendations for Sustainable Management (Case Study of the Tomsk Region). Moscow, WWF Publ., 2014. 52 p. (In Russ.).

Зикрин Е.Р., Паркина О.В. Использование сосны сибирской (кедра) в ландшафтном озеленении // Современные проблемы озеленения городской среды: материалы Нац. (Всерос.) науч.-практ. студ. конф. Новосибирск: Золотой колос, 2019. С. 77–80.

Zikrin E.R., Parkina O.V. The Use of Siberian Pine (Cedar) in Landscape Gardening. Current Issues of Urban Landscaping: Proceedings of the National (All-Russian) Scientific and Practical Student Conference. Novosibirsk, Zolotoy Kolos Publ., 2019, pp. 77–80. (In Russ.).

Игнатенко М.М. Сибирский кедр (биология, интродукция, культура). М.: Наука, 1988. 161 с.

Ignatenko M.M. Siberian Pine (Biology, Introduction, and Crop). Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1988. 161 p. (In Russ.).

Исаченко Г.А., Резников А.И. Ландшафты Санкт-Петербурга: эволюция, динамика, разнообразие // Биосфера. 2014. Т. 6, № 3. С. 231–249.

Isachenko G.A., Reznikov A.I. Saint Petersburg Landscapes: Their Evolution, Dynamics, Diversity. Biosfera, 2014, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 231–249. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v6i3.220

Климат Ленинграда / выполн. Е.В. Алтыкисом, И.М. Белявской, В.Г. Бодриной и др.; под ред. Ц.А. Швер и др. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1982. 252 с.

Climate of Leningrad. Prep. by E.V. Altykis, I.M. Belyavskaya, V.G. Bodrina. Ed. by Ts.A. Shver et al. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1982. 252 p. (In Russ.).

Ковязин В.Ф., Мартынов А.Н. Состояние почв в уробоэкосистемах Санкт-Петербурга // Аграрн. науч. журн. 2014. № 9. С. 17–22.

Kovyazin V.F., Martynov A.N. Soil Conditions of Saint-Petersburg Urban Ecosystems. The Agrarian Scientific Journal, 2014, no. 9, pp. 17–22. (In Russ.).

Мамаев С.А. Формы внутривидовой изменчивости древесных растений (на примере семейства Pinaceae на Урале). М.: Наука, 1973. 284 с.

Mamaev S.A. Forms of Intraspecific Variability of Woody Plants (Case Study of the Pinaceae Family in the Urals). Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973. 284 p. (In Russ.).

Матвеева Р.Н., Буторова О.Ф. Исследования по выращиванию сосны кедровой сибирской за многолетний период // Хвойные бореал. зоны. 2022. Т. 40, № 5. С. 374–380.

Matveeva R.N., Butorova O.F. Research on the Cultivation of Siberian Cedar Pine for a Long Period. Hvojnye boreal’noj zony = Conifers of the boreal area, 2022, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 374–380. (In Russ.).

Матвеева Р.Н., Буторова О.Ф., Братилова Н.П. Биоразнообразие, отбор и размножение кедровых сосен в плантационных культурах зеленой зоны Красноярска // Хвойные бореал. зоны. 2007. Т. 24, № 2–3. С. 243–247.

Matveeva R.N., Butorova O.F., Bratilova N.P. Biodiversity, Selection and Propagation of Siberian Pine in Plantation Crops of the Krasnoyarsk Green Zone. Hvojnye boreal’noj zony = Conifers of the boreal area, 2007, vol. 24, no. 2-3, pp. 243–247. (In Russ.).

Нестерович Н.Д., Дерюгина Т.Ф., Лучков А.И. Структурные особенности листьев хвойных. Минск: Наука и техника, 1986. 96 с.

Nesterovich N.D., Deryugina T.F., Luchkov A.I. Structural Features of Coniferous Leaves. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1986. 96 p. (In Russ.).

Николаева М.А., Варенцова Е.Ю., Межина К.М. Оценка сохранности и состояния Pinus sibirica Du Tour в географических культурах Ленинградской области // Хвойные бореал. зоны. 2022. Т. 40, № 5. С. 381–388.

Nikolaeva M.A., Varentsova E.Yu., Mezhina K.M. Assessment of the Preservation and Condition of Pinus sibirica Du Tour in Provenance Trials of Leningrad Region. Hvojnye boreal’noj zony = Conifers of the boreal area, 2022, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 381–388. (In Russ.).

Поликарпов Н.П., Чебакова Н.М., Назимова Д.И. Климат и горные леса Южной Сибири. Новосибирск: Наука, 1986. 226 с.

Polikarpov N.P., Chebakova N.M., Nazimova D.I. Climate and Mountain Forests of Southern Siberia. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1986. 226 p. (In Russ.).

Путенихин В.П., Путенихина К.В., Шигапов З.Х. Кедр сибирский в Башкирском Предуралье и на Южном Урале: биологические и лесоводственные особенности при интродукции: моногр. Уфа: Башк. энцикл., 2017. 248 с.

Putenikhin V.P., Putenikhina K.V., Shigapov Z.H. Siberian Pine in the Bashkir Urals and the Southern Urals: Biological and Forestry Features during Introduction. Ufa, Bashkir encyclopedia Publ., 2017. 248 p. (In Russ.).

Семечкин И.В., Поликарпов Н.П., Ирошников А.И., Бабинцева Р.М., Воробьев В.Н., Дашко Н.В., Иванов В.В., Кондаков Ю.П., Коротков И.А., Мурина Т.К., Назимова Д.И., Попов В.Е., Попова Ю.М., Соколов Г.А., Софронов М.А., Смагин В.Н., Спиридонов Б.С., Чебакова Н.М., Чередникова Ю.С. Кедровые леса Сибири: моногр. Новосибирск: Наука, 1985. 258 с.

Semechkin I.V., Polikarpov N.P., Iroshnikov A.I., Babintseva R.M., Vorobyov V.N., Dashko N.V., Ivanov V.V., Kondakov Yu.P., Korotkov I.A., Murina T.K., Nazimova D.I., Popov V.E., Popova Yu.M., Sokolov G.A., Sofronov M.A., Smagin V.N., Spiridonov B.S., Chebakova N.M., Cherednikova Yu.S. Bioecological Properties and Variability of Siberian Pine. Siberian Pine Forests of Siberia: Monograph. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1985. 258 p. (In Russ.).

Стеблянко В.Д. Проблемы озеленения районов Санкт-Петербурга // Право и правосудие в современном мире: актуальные проблемы публичного и частного права: сб. науч. ст. молодых исследователей. Санкт-Петербург, 2021. С. 386–391.

Steblyanko V.D. Issues of Landscaping the Districts of Saint Petersburg. Law and Justice in the Modern World: Current Issues of Public and Private Law: Collection of Academic Papers by Young Researchers. Saint Petersburg, 2021, pp. 386–391. (In Russ.).

Сунгурова Н.Р., Страздаускас С.Е. Интродукция кедра сибирского на Европейском Севере // Урбоэкосистемы: проблемы и перспективы развития: материалы VI Междунар. науч.-практ. конф. Ишим: филиал Тюменск. гос. ун-та в г. Ишиме, 2018. С. 132–134.

Sungurova N.R., Strazdauskas S.Ye. Introduction of Pinus sibirica in the European North. Urban Ecosystems: Problems and Prospects of Development: Proceedings of the 5th International Scientifical-Practical Conference. Ishim, Ishim Branch TSU Publ., 2018, pp. 132–134. (In Russ.).

Фирсов Г.А., Хмарик А.Г., Орлова Л.В., Бялт В.В. Ассортимент хвойных в озеленении Санкт-Петербурга на рубеже веков: тенденции и перспективы // Вестн. Волгоградск. гос. ун-та. Сер. 11: Естеств. науки. 2016. № 2(16). С. 7–21.

Firsov G.A., Khmarik A.G., Orlova L.V., Byalt V.V. Assortment of Conifers for Planting Saint Petersburg at the Edge of Centuries: Tendencies and Prospects. Science of VolSU. Natural Sciences, 2016, no. 2(16), pp. 7–21. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu11.2016.2.1

Химичев А.А. Влияние климатических условий на организацию озеленения городской среды на примере Санкт-Петербурга // Перспективные межотраслевые исследования как основа развития современной науки: сб. ст. Междунар. науч. конф. СПб.: Междунар. ин-т перспективных исследований им. Ломоносова, 2023. С. 11–13.

Khimichev A.A. The Influence of Climatic Conditions on the Organization of Urban Landscaping: A Case Study of Saint Petersburg. Promising Interdisciplinary Research as a Basis for the Modern Science Development: Collection of Academic Papers of the International Scientific Conference. Saint Petersburg, SPbIPI Publ., 2023, pp. 11–13. (In Russ.).

Цепордей И.С. Увеличение охвоенности побегов в широтном градиенте как компенсаторная реакция сосны обыкновенной на снижение суммы эффективных температур // Сиб. лесн. журн. 2024. № 2. С. 68–73.

Tsepordey I.S. An Increase of the Foliage Share in Shoot Phytomass along the Latitudinal Gradient as a Compensatory Reaction of Scots Pine to a Decrease in the Sum of Effective Temperatures. Sibirskij Lesnoj Zurnal = Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2024, no. 2, pp. 68–73. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15372/SJFS20240208

Díaz J.G., Gutiérrez-Bustillo A.M., Rojo J. Influence of Urbanisation on the Phenology of Evergreen Coniferous and Deciduous Broadleaf Trees in Madrid (Spain). Landscape and Urban Planning, 2023, vol. 235, art. 104760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104760

Donnelly A., Liu R., Yu L. Comparing in situ Spring Phenology and Satellite-Derived Start of Season at Rural and Urban Sites in Ireland. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2021, vol. 42, iss. 20, pp. 7821–7841. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2021.1969056

Guan X., Shen H., Li W., Gan X., Zhang L. A Long-Term and Comprehensive Assessment of the Urbanization-Induced Impacts on vegetation Net Primary Productivity. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, no. 669, pp. 342–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.361

Kondo M.C., Fluehr J.M., McKeon T., Branas C.C. Urban Green Space and Its Impact on Human Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2018, vol. 15, no. 3, art. 445. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030445

Mullaney J., Lucke T., Trueman S.J. A Review of Benefits and Challenges in Growing Street Trees in Paved Urban Environments. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2015, vol. 134, pp. 157–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.10.013

Ozherelieva Z., Emelianova O., Firsоv A. Introduced Tree and Shrub Species for Sustainable Landscape Compositions in the Urban Conditions. E3S Web of Conferences, 2021, vol. 273, art. 01013. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127301013

Pauleit S., Jones N., Garcia-Martin G., Garcia-Valdecantos J.L., Rivière L.M., Vidal-Beaudet L., et al. Tree Establishment Practice in Towns and Cities – Results from a European Survey. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2002, vol. 1, iss. 2, pp. 83–96. https://doi.org/10.1078/1618-8667-00009

Sousa-Silva R., Duflos M., Barona C.O., Paquette A. Keys to Better Planning and Integrating Urban Tree Planting Initiatives. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2023, vol. 231, art. 104649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104649

Spronken-Smith R.A., Oke T.R. The Thermal Regime of Urban Parks in Two Cities with Different Summer Climates. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 1998, vol. 19, iss. 11, pp. 2085–2104. https://doi.org/10.1080/014311698214884

Tian L. Analysis of the Artistic Effect of Garden Plant Landscaping in Urban Greening. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2022, vol. 2022, iss. 1, art. 2430067. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2430067

Published

2026-10-29

How to Cite

Danilin А., Konovalova М., and Danilina Д. “Introduction of Pinus Sibirica Du Tour in Landscaping of Saint Petersburg”. Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal), no. 5, Oct. 2026, pp. 205-16, doi:10.37482/0536-1036-2026-5-205-216.

Issue

Section

BRIEF SUMMARIES AND EXPERIENCE EXCHANGE