Silvicultural Principles of the Technologies for the Management of Commercial Burnt Stands after Ground Fires
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2025-5-187-197Keywords:
commercial burnt stands, forest fires, primary post-pyrogenic seed potential of pine, sanitary felling, gap-based felling, the Republic of Mari ElAbstract
The pine forests on the left bank of the Vologda River between Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan have developed on sandy soils and are highly susceptible to fire, making their protection and restoration difficult. In the context of a changing climate and an increasing frequency of large fires, it is necessary to develop effective methods for eliminating their consequences. The aim of the research has been to substantiate forestry requirements for the organization of logging operations in burnt stands, ensuring a balance of wood harvesting and promoting the natural restoration of pine trees. Commercial burnt pine stands of the Republic of Mari El have been chosen as a research object. It has been established that the demutation processes in the burnt areas of 1921, 1972, 2010 and 2021 under the conditions of the pine forest row have proceeded stably with the dominance of pine. The germination rate of pine seeds obtained from cones after the ground fires in 2010 and 2021 has been 40–80 %, which correlates with the intensity of the pyrogenic impact. Silvicultural recommendations have been developed for the effective use of the post-pyrogenic seed potential of pine, including 2-step sanitary felling using the gap-based method to reduce the risk of windfalls and soil drying out. It is recommended to cut down 50 % of the wood stock in burnt stands using the gap-based method in the first 8 months after a fire, and to carry out final felling on the snow cover 15–20 months after the fires. Soil mineralization and gap-based felling of commercial burnt stands can provide favorable conditions for the rooting of seedlings and reduce their elimination from possible precipitation shortages. This will reduce the loss of commercial wood and preserve local pine populations, significantly reducing the volume of artificial reforestation.
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