Update on the Boundaries of the Curly Birch Range

Authors

  • Л. В. Ветчинникова Forest Research Institute of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2091-905X
  • А. Ф. Титов Institute of Biology of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-2411

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2020-6-9-21

Keywords:

curly birch Betula pendula Roth. var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti, range, population size, northwestern continental Europe

Abstract

The article reports on the application of the best known principles for mapping natural populations of curly (Karelian) birch Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti – one of the most appealing representatives of the forest tree flora. Relying on the synthesis and analysis of the published data amassed over nearly 100 years and the data from own full-scale studies done in the past few decades almost throughout the area where curly birch has grown naturally, it is concluded that its range outlined in the middle of the 20th century and since then hardly revised is outdated. The key factors and reasons necessitating its revision are specified. Herewith it is suggested that the range is delineated using the population approach, and the key element will be the critical population size below which the population is no longer viable in the long term. This approach implies that the boundaries of the taxon range depend on the boundaries of local populations (rather than the locations of individual trees or small clumps of trees), the size of which should not be lower than the critical value, which is supposed to be around 100–500 trees for curly birch. A schematic map of the curly birch range delineated using this approach is provided. We specially address the problem of determining the minimum population size to secure genetic diversity maintenance. The advantages of the population approach to delineating the distribution range of curly birch with regard to its biological features are highlighted. The authors argue that it enables a more accurate delineation of the range; shows the natural evolutionary history of the taxon (although it is not yet officially recognized as a species) and its range; can be relatively easily updated (e.g. depending on the scope of reintroduction); should be taken into account when working on the strategy of conservation and other actions designed to maintain and regenerate this unique representative of the forest tree flora.
For citation: Vetchinnikova L.V., Titov A.F. Update on the Boundaries of the Curly Birch Range. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2020, no. 6, pp. 9–21. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2020-6-9-21
Funding: The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Forest Research Institute, Institute of Biology, and Department of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research) and covered by the federal budget.

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Author Biographies

Л. В. Ветчинникова, Forest Research Institute of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences

Doctor of Biology, Assoc. Prof.

А. Ф. Титов, Institute of Biology of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences

Corresp. Member of RAS, Doctor of Biology, Prof., Chief Research Scientist

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Published

2020-12-22

How to Cite

Ветчинникова, Л. В., and А. Ф. Титов. “Update on the Boundaries of the Curly Birch Range”. Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 6, Dec. 2020, pp. 9-21, doi:10.37482/0536-1036-2020-6-9-21.

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