Geographical Features of Pinus sibirica Du Tour Renewal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-6-44-56Keywords:
Siberian stone pine, nutcracker, nutcracker abundance, consortial relationship, ornithochory, seed production, natural regeneration of Siberian stone pine, seedlings, seed abundance, seed dispersal, trophic relationship, feed stocksAbstract
One of the main problems of forest ecology is to identify the patterns of the dynamics of natural populations of woody plants at the stage of their renewal, which programs the entire subsequent structure and development of plant ecosystems. The process of reforestation is determined by both the dynamics of seed production and the peculiarities of the seed distribution of forest-forming tree species. The renewal of five-needled pines of the Cembrae subsection with wingless seeds is due to their close trophic relationships with birds of the genus Nucifraga sp., which spread seeds, creating soil forage stocks. The purpose of this study is to reveal geographical features of the relationship between seed production and renewal of Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) with the intermediary participation of the thin-billed nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes macrorhynchos Brehm C.L.). The research was carried out in 3 geographical regions of Pinus sibirica forests: in the forests of the Aldan Highlands in Southern Yakutia (59º40´ N., 125º24´ E.), the Northern Urals in the area of the Denezhkin Kamen mountain (60º25´ N., 59º32´ E.), and the Khamar-Daban Mountain range in the South-Eastern Baikal region (51º32´ N., 103º32´ E.). It is shown that each region of the Pinus sibirica growth differs in the dynamics of both seed production and renewal. It was found that the abundance of Pinus sibirica seedlings in the forests of the Aldan Highlands is positively associated (R2 = 0.46) with the yield of cones the previous year. The number of seedlings in the Northern Urals and Khamar-Daban is negatively related to the yield of cones of last year but is positively (R2 = 0.48–0.49) associated with the yield of cones of the year before last. We believe that seedlings in any case appear from the seeds of last year's yield. But the visible connection is due to the activity of the nutcracker. As a result of the stationary studies conducted in the Northern Urals, we identified a constant close (R2 = 0.81) positive relationship between the number of Pinus sibirica seedlings and the number of nutcrackers during the period of seed storage and dispersal in August-September of the previous year. It is assumed that the nature of the dynamics of seed production in the region affects the change in the number of nutcrackers during the seed harvesting period, which in turn determines the abundance of Pinus sibirica seedlings next year. This determines the revealed differences in the dynamics of Pinus sibirica renewal and its dependence on the yields of tree cones in the regions under consideration.
For citation: Tantsyrev N.V., Sannikov S.N., Usoltsev V.А. Geographical Features of Pinus sibirica Du Tour Renewal. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 6, pp. 44–56. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-6-44-56
Downloads
References
Арманд Д.Л. Функциональные и корреляционные связи в физической географии // Изв. ВГО. 1949. Т. 81, вып. 1. С. 81–94. Armand D.L. Functional and Correlation Relations in Physical Geography. Izvestiya Vsesoyuznogo Geograficheskogo Obshchestva, 1949, vol. 81, iss. 1, pp. 81–94. (In Russ.).
Бигон М., Харпер Д., Таунсенд К. Экология. Особи, популяции и сообщества / пер. с англ. под ред. А.М. Гилярова. Т. 2. М.: Мир, 1989. 477 с. Bigon M., Harper D., Townsend K. Ecology. Individuals, Populations and Communities. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1989, vol. 2. 477 p. (In Russ.).
Владышевский Д.В. Экология лесных зверей и птиц (Кормодобывание и его биогеоценотическое значение). Новосибирск: Наука. Сиб. отд-ние, 1980. 264 с. Vladyshevsky D.V. Ecology of Forest Animals and Birds. Forage Extraction and its Biogeocenotic Significance. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1980. 264 p. (In Russ.).
Воробьёв В.Н. Кедровка и ее взаимосвязи с кедром сибирским (Опыт количественного анализа). Новосибирск: Наука. Сиб. отд-ние, 1982. 113 c. Vorobyov V.N. Nutcracker and its Interrelations with Siberian Cedar (Experience of Quantitative Analysis). Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1982. 113 p. (In Russ.).
Горчаковский П.Л. Новое в методике исследования семеношения хвойных // Ботан. журн. 1958. Т. 43, № 10. С. 1445–1459. Gorchakovsky P.L. New in the Methodology of Research of Coniferous Seed Bearing. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal = Botanical Journal, 1958, vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 1445–1459. (In Russ.).
Колмогоров А.Н. К вопросу о пригодности найденных статистическим путем формул прогноза // Заводск. лаб. 1933. № 1. С. 164–167. Kolmogorov A.N. On the Question of the Suitability of the Forecast Formulas found by Statistical Means. Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1933, no. 1, pp. 164–167. (In Russ.).
Николаева С.А., Савчук Д.А. Динамика возобновления кедра сибирского на Кеть-Чулымском междуречье (Западно-Сибирская равнина) // Интерэкспо Гео-Сибирь. 2015. Т. 3, № 4. C. 64–68. Nikolaeva S.A., Savchuk D.A. The Siberian Pine Regeneration Dynamics in the KetChulym Interfluve (West Siberian Plain). Interexpo Geo-Siberia, 2015, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 64–68. (In Russ.).
Омелько А.М., Омелько М.М. Особенности создания кедровкой (Nucifraga caryocatactes L.) запасов кедровых орешков и питания ими в зимний период во вторичных широколиственных лесах с посадками сосны корейской (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. Et Zucc.) // Амур. зоол. журн. 2017. Т. IX, № 2. С. 102–111. Omelko A.M., Omelko M.M. Peculiarities of Сreation and Аeeding of Pine Nut Reserves by Тutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes L.) during Winter in Secondary Broadleaved Forests with Korean Pine Plantations (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. Et Zucc.). Amurskiy Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal = Amurian Zoological Journal, 2017, vol. IX, no. 2, pp. 102–111. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33910/1999-4079-2017-9-2-102-111
Реймерс Н.Ф. Птицы и млекопитающие южной тайги Средней Сибири. М.; Л.: Наука, 1966. 420 с. Reimers N.F. Birds and Mammals of the Southern Taiga of Western Siberia. Moscow, Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1966. 420 p. (In Russ.).
Санников С.Н., Танцырев Н.В. Кривые выживания подроста кедра сибирского // Лесоведение. 2015. № 4. С. 275–281. Sannikov S.N., Tantsyrev N.V. Survival Curves of Siberian Pine Undergrowth as a Basis for Reconstructing its Population Dynamics. Lesovedenie = Russian Forestry Scence, 2015, no. 4, pp. 275–281. (In Russ.).
Санников С.Н., Танцырев Н.В., Петрова И.В. Инвазия популяций сосны сибирской в горную тундру Северного Урала // Сиб. экол. журн. 2018. № 4. C. 449–461. Sannikov S.N., Tantsyrev N.V., Petrova I.V. Invasion of Siberian Pine Populations in Mountain Tundra in The Northern Urals. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2018, no. 4, pp. 449–461. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425518040078
Сотская М.Н. Зоопсихология и сравнительная психология. Т. 1. М.: Юрайт, 2014. 323 с. Sotskaya M.N. Zoopsychology and Comparative Psychology. Vol. 1. Moscow, Yurayt Publ., 2014. 323 p. (In Russ.).
Сташкевич Н.Ю., Шишикин А.С. Зоогенный фактор возобновления сосны кедровой сибирской в горно-таежных лесах Восточного Саяна // Сиб. экол. журн. 2014. № 2. C. 313–318. Stashkevich N.Yu., Shishikin A.S. Zoogenic Factor of Siberian Pine Restoration in the Mountain Taiga Forests of East Sayan. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2014, no. 2, pp. 313–318. (In Russ.).
Танцырев Н.В. Анализ размещения кедровкой кладовок семян кедра сибирского по следам их зимнего использования // Вестн. Бурят. ГСХА им. В.Р. Филиппова. 2020. № 3(60). С. 117–125. Tantsyrev N.V. Analysis of Placement of Siberian Pine Seeds Storage by Nutcracker in Traces of their Winter Use. Vestnik Buryatskoy Gosudarstvennoy Selskokhozyaystvennoy akademii im. V.R. Filippova = Bulletin of the Buryat State Agricultural Academy named after V.R. Filippov, 2020, vol. 3, no. 60, pp. 117–125. (In Russ.).
Танцырев Н.В. Интенсивность возобновления кедрового стланика в связи с урожаями семян в Южной Якутии // Хвойные бореал. зоны. 2022. Т. XL, № 1. С. 54–59. Tantsyrev N.V. The Intensity of Japanese Pine Renewal in Connection with the Seed Yields in South Yakutia. Conifers of the Boreal Area, 2022, vol. XL, no. 1, pp. 54–59. (In Russ.).
Танцырев Н.В., Санников С.Н. Анализ консортивных связей между кедром сибирским и кедровкой на Северном Урале // Экология. 2011. № 1. C. 20–24. Tantsyrev N.V., Sannikov S.N. Analysis of Consortive Relationships between the Siberian Pine and the Nutcracker in the Northern Urals. Ecology, 2011, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 20–24. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413611010127
Тимофеев-Ресовский Н.В., Яблоков А.В., Глотов Н.В. Очерк учения о популяции. М.: Наука, 1973. 277 с. Timofeev-Resovsky N.V., Yablokov A.V., Glotov N.V. An Outline of the Doctrine of Population. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973. 277 p. (In Russ.).
Bednekoff P.A., Balda R.P. Clark’s Nutcracker Spatial Memory: The Importance of Large, Structural Cues. Behavioural Processes, 2014, vol. 102, pp. 12–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2013.12.004
Bogdziewicz M., Zwolak R., Crone E.E. How Do Vertebrates Respond to Mast Seeding? Oikos, 2015, vol. 125, iss. 3, pp. 300–307. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.03012
Boutin S., Wauters L.A., McAdam A.G., Humphries M.M., Tosi G., Dhondt A.A. Anticipatory Reproduction and Population Growth in Seed Predators. Science, 2006, vol. 314, iss. 5807, pp. 1928–1930. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1135520
Clary D., Kelly D.M. Cache Protection Strategies of a Non-Social Food-Caching Corvid, Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana). Animal Cognition, 2011, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 735–744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-011-0408-3
Holmgren M.L., Wilkerson R.L., Siegel R.B. Assessing Trends and Vulnerabilities in the Mutualism Between Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis) and Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) in National Parks of the Sierra-Cascade Region. PLoS One, 2020, vol. 15, iss. 10, аrt. e0227161. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227161
Kajimoto T., Onodera H., Ikeda S., Daimaru H., Seki T. Seedling Establishment of Subalpine Stone Pine (Pinus pumila) by Nutcracker (Nucifraga) Seed Dispersal on Mt. Yumori, Northern Japan. Arctic and Alpine Research, 1998, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 408–417. https://doi.org/10.2307/1552014
Krebs C.J., Boonstra R., Boutin S., Sinclair A.R.E., Smith J.N.M., Gilbert B.S., Martin K., O'Donoghue M., Turkington R. Trophic Dynamics of the Boreal Forests of the Kluane Region. Arctic, 2014, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 71–81. https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4350
Lanner R.M. Made For Each Other. A Symbiosis of Birds and Pines. New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1996. 160 p.
Schaming T.D. Population-Wide Failure to Breed in the Clark’s Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana). PLoS One, 2015, vol. 10, iss. 5, аrt. e0123917. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123917
Schaming T.D. Clark’s Nutcracker Breeding Season Space Use and Foraging Behavior. PLoS One, 2016, vol. 11, iss. 2, аrt. e0149116. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149116
Tillman-Sutela E., Kauppi A., Karppinen K., Tomback D. Variant Maturity in Seed Structures of Pinus albicaulis (Engelm.) and Pinus sibirica (Du Tour): Key to a Soil Seed Bank, Unusual Among Conifers? Trees, 2008, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 225–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-007-0179-2
Tomback D.F., Anderies A.J., Carsey K.S., Powell M.L., Mellmann-Brown S. Delayed Seed Germination in Whitebark Pine and Regeneration Patterns Following the Yellowstone Fires. Ecology, 2001, vol. 82, no. 9, pp. 2587–2600. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[2587:DSGIWP]2.0.CO;2
Tornick J.K., Rushia S.N., Gibson B.M. Clark's Nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) are Sensitive to Distance, but not Lighting when Caching in the Presence of a Conspecific. Behavioural Processes, 2016, vol. 123, pp. 125–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2015.10.023
Vander Wall S.B. Masting in Animal-Dispersed Pines Facilitates Seed Dispersal. Ecology, 2002, vol. 83, iss. 12, pp. 3508–3516. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[3508:MIADPF]2.0.CO;2
Wauters L.A., Githiru M., Bertolino S., Molinari A., Tosi G., Lens L. Demography of Alpine Red Squirrel Populations in Relation to Fluctuations in Seed Crop Size. Ecography, 2008, vol. 31, iss. 1, pp. 3–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2007.0906-7590.05251.x
Zong C., Wauters L.A., Van Dongen S., Mari V., Romeo C., Martinoli A., Preatoni D., Tosi G. Annual Variation in Predation and Dispersal of Arolla Pine (Pinus cembra L.) Seeds by Eurasian Red Squirrels and other Seed-Eaters. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, vol. 260, iss. 5, pp. 587–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.05.014
