The Changes in Sod-Podzolic Soil in European Larch Forest Plantations over a Long Period
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-2-90-104Keywords:
European larch, Larix decidua Mill., forest plantations, dynamics of biocenosis components, silvicultural characteristics, soil characteristicsAbstract
The research has been carried out in European larch forest plantations (Larix decidua Mill.) with the recording of changes in their silvicultural effect and the properties of sodpodzolic soil under the canopy of plantations over a period of more than 40 years. The aim of this work is to determine the nature of changes in the morphological and physicochemical properties of soils under the canopy of European larch forest plantations over a long period (45 years) in the conditions of the north-eastern Moscow Region. The research has covered 2 sample plots located in the B2 type of site conditions (simple fresh subor), which corresponds to fresh blueberry pine forests. The first sample plot (permanent sample plot 46) is located in an artificial plantation created in 1871 by planting. As for the second one (permanent sample plot B-2), it is located in forest plantations created in 1870 by sowing. Throughout the entire period of the research, the forest plantations have been growing according to the Ia quality class and have significantly increased the stock of stem wood. In forest plantations of the sample plot 46, the stock increased by 470 m3/ha (the current increase over 42 years of observation has equaled to 11.2 m3/ha per year), and in forest plantations of the sample plot B-2 – by 417 m3/ha (the current increase over 41 years of observations has equaled to 10.2 m3/ha per year). This indicates that there is currently no decay in the cultivated stands: they function successfully up to a century and a half old. Over 45 years, there have been
changes in the morphological and physicochemical properties of the soil. A decrease in the content of the clay fraction has been established, especially in the upper part of the soil profile. The actual, exchange and hydrolytic acidity of the soil have increased as indicators of the ongoing process of podzolization. At the same time, the thicknesses of the forest floor and the humus content in the humus-eluvial layer have risen. The absorption capacity, the content of the exchange bases and the degree of saturation with the bases have increased, especially in the upper horizons of the soil, and the hydrolytic acidity has risen. In general, over a 45-year
period, there has been no significant deterioration in the properties of sod-podzolic soils under the canopy of European larch forest plantations, and there are even trends of improvement in some indicators.
Downloads
References
Анучин Н.П. Лесная таксация. 6-е изд. М.: ВНИИЛМ, 2004. 552 с. Anuchin N.P. Forest Inventory. Moscow, VNIILM Publ., 2004. 552 p. (In Russ.).
Березин Л.В., Карпачевский Л.О. Лесное почвоведение. Омск: Омск. ГАУ, 2009. 360 с. Berezin L.V., Karpachevskii L.O. Forest Soil Science. Omsk, OmSAU Publ., 2009. 360 p. (In Russ.).
Вадюнина А.Ф., Корчагина З.А. Методы исследования физических свойств почв. М.: Агропромиздат, 1986. 416 с. Vadyunina A.F., Korchagina Z.A. Methods for Studying the Physical Properties of Soils. Moscow, Agropromizdat Publ., 1986. 416 p. (In Russ.).
Вайчис М.В. К вопросу о влиянии лиственницы европейской на изменение дерново-подзолистых почв // Почвоведение. 1958. № 5. С. 12–22. Vaichis М.V. To the Problem оf European Larch Influence on the Sod-Podzol Soil Changes. Pochvovedenie = Pedology, 1958, no. 5, pp. 12–22. (In Russ.).
Воробьева Л.А. Химический анализ почв. М.: МГУ, 1998. 272 с. Vorob’yova L.A. Chemical Analysis of Soils. Moscow, MSU Publ., 1998. 272 p. (In Russ.).
Добровольский В.В. Практикум по географии почв с основами почвоведения. М.: Просвещение, 1982. 127 с. Dobrovolskiy V.V. Practical Course on Soil Geography with the Basics of Soil Science. Moscow, Prosveshcheniye Publ., 1982. 127 p. (In Russ.).
Зайцев Б.Д. Почвы и производительность насаждений // Лесн. хоз-во. 1960. № 10. С. 16–19. Zaitsev B.D. Soils and the Productivity of Plantations. Lesnoe khozyaystvo, 1960, no. 10, pp. 16–19. (In Russ.).
Зеликов В.Д. Почвы и бонитет насаждений. М.: Лесн. пром-сть, 1971. 120 с. Zelikov V.D. Soils and Forest Site Quality. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennost’ Publ., 1971. 120 p. (In Russ.).
Ирошников А.И. Лиственницы России. Биоразнообразие и селекция. Ч. 1. М.: ВНИИЛМ, 2004. 182 с. Iroshnikov A.I. Larches of Russia. Biodiversity and Breeding. Part 1. Moscow, VNIILM Publ., 2004. 182 p. (In Russ.).
Карасев Н.Н. Повышение продуктивности лесов Подмосковья путем интродукции лиственницы: автореф. дис. … канд. с.-х. наук. М., 2009. 21 с. Karasev N.N. Increasing the Productivity of Forests in the Moscow Region through the Introduction of Larch: Cand. Agric. Sci. Diss. Abs. Moscow, 2009. 21 p. (In Russ.).
Карпачевский Л.О. Пестрота почвенного покрова в лесном биогеоценозе. М.: МГУ, 1977. 312 с. Karpachevskiy L.O. The Diversity of the Soil Cover in the Forest Biogeocenosis. Moscow, MSU Publ., 1977. 312 p. (In Russ.).
Карпачевский Л.О. Лес и лесные почвы. М.: Лесн. пром-сть, 1981. 264 с. Karpachevskiy L.O. Forest and Forest Soils. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennost’ Publ., 1981. 264 p. (In Russ.).
Карпачевский Л.О., Ашинов Ю.Н., Березин Л.В. Курс лесного почвоведения. Майкоп: Аякс, 2009. 345 с. Karpachevskiy L.O., Ashinov Yu.N., Berezin L.V. Forest Soil Science Course. Maykop, Ajax Publ., 2009. 345 p. (In Russ.).
Корешков Н.В., Царева Е.А. Географические культуры лиственницы. СПб.: Наукоем. технологии, 2021. 414 с. Koreshkov N.V., Tsareva E.A. Geographical Cultures of Larch. St. Petersburg, Naukoyemkiye tekhnologii Publ., 2021. 414 p. (In Russ.).
Мельник Л.П. Естественное возобновление лиственницы европейской за пределами ареала при минимальном количестве семенников // Лесн. вестн. / Forestry Bulletin. 2021. Т. 25, № 6. С. 39–44. Melnik L.P. Natural Regeneration of European Larch outside Natural Area with Minimum of Seed Trees. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2021, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 39–44. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-6-39-44
Мерзленко М.Д. Эталон деятельности лесовода. М.: Изд. дом Рученькиных, 2022. 174 с. Merzlenko M.D. The Standard of the Forester's Activity. Moscow, Ruchen’kins’ Publ. House, 2022. 174 p. (In Russ.).
Мерзленко М.Д., Мельник П.Г. Опыт лесоводственного мониторинга в Никольской лесной даче. М.: МГУЛ, 2015. 112 с. Merzlenko M.D., Melnik P.G. Experience of Silvicultural Monitoring in Nicholskaya Lesnaya Dacha. Moscow, MSFU Publ., 2015. 112 p. (In Russ.).
Мерзленко М.Д., Мельник П.Г., Глазунов Ю.Б., Коженкова А.А., Перевалова Е.А. Результаты изучения географических посадок сосны и лиственницы в Серебряноборском опытном лесничестве // Лесн. вестн. / Forestry Bulletin. 2020. Т. 24, № 6. С. 34–43. Merzlenko M.D., Melnik P.G., Glazunov Yu.B., Kozhenkova A.A., Perevalova E.A. Study Results of Pine and Larch Provenance Trial in Serebryanoborsky Experimental Forest District. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2020, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 34–43. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2020-6-34-43
Мерзленко М.Д., Мельник П.Г., Маликов А.Н. Динамика роста лиственнично-еловых лесных культур К.Ф. Тюрмера // Лесн. вестн. / Forestry Bulletin. 2020. Т. 24, № 2. С. 11–16. Merzlenko M.D., Melnik P.G., Malikov A.N. Growth Dynamics of Larch-Spruce Mixed Stands Established by K.F. Turmer. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2020, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 11–16. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2020-2-11-16
Мерзленко М.Д., Мельник П.Г., Мельник Л.П. Депонирование углерода стволовой фракцией в 100-летних лесных культурах хвойных пород // Лесн. вестн. / Forestry Bulletin. 2023. Т. 27, № 2. С. 5–10. Merzlenko M.D., Melnik P.G., Melnik L.P. Carbon Deposit by Stem Fraction in 100-Year-Old Coniferous Species. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2023, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 5–10. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2023-2-5-10
Мигунова Е.С. Леса и лесные земли (количественная оценка взаимосвязей). М.: Экология, 1993. 364 с. Migunova E.S. Forests and Forest Lands (a Quantitative Assessment of Mutual Relations). Moscow, Ecology Publ., 1993. 364 p. (In Russ.).
Мигунова Е.С. Лесоводство и естественные науки (ботаника, география, почвоведение). М.: МГУЛ, 2007. 592 с. Migunova E.S. Forestry and Natural Sciences (Botany, Geography, Soil Science). Moscow, MSFU Publ., 2007. 592 p. (In Russ.).
Наумов В.Д., Родионов Б.С., Гемонов А.В. Сравнительная оценка почв и растительности на пробных площадях лесной опытной дачи РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева // Изв. ТСХА. 2014. Вып. 2. С. 5–18. Naumov V.D., Rodionov B.S., Gemonov A.V. Comparative Evaluation of Soils and Vegetation on Test Plots of Forest Experimental Station of RSAU-MAA Named after K.A. Timiryazev. Izvestiya Timiryazevskoy sel’skokhozyajstvennoy akademii = Izvestiya of Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 2014, iss. 2, pp. 5–18. (In Russ.).
Орлов Д.С. Химия почв. М.: МГУ, 1992. 399 с. Orlov D.S. Soil Chemistry. Moscow, MSU Publ., 1992. 399 p. (In Russ.).
Полякова Г.А., Меланхолин П.Н., Лысиков А.Б. Динамика состава и структуры сложных боров Подмосковья // Лесоведение. 2011. № 2. С. 42–50. Polyakova G.A., Melankholin P.N., Lysikov A.B. Dynamics of the Composition and Structure of Complex Pine Forests in Moscow Region. Lesovedenie = Russian Journal of Forest Science, 2011, no. 2, pp. 42–50. (In Russ.).
Ремезов Н.П., Погребняк П.С. Лесное почвоведение. М.: Лесн. пром-сть, 1965. 324 с. Remezov N.P., Pogrebnyak P.S. Forest Soil Science. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennostʼ Publ., 1965. 324 p. (In Russ.).
Роде А.А., Смирнов В.Н. Почвоведение. М.: Высш. шк., 1972. 480 с. Rode A.A., Smirnov V.N. Soil Science. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1972. 480 p. (In Russ.).
Рубцов М.В., Глазунов Ю.Б., Николаев Д.К. Лиственница европейская в центре Русской равнины // Лесн. хоз-во. 2011. № 5. С. 26–29. Rubtsov M.V., Glazunov Yu.B., Nikolaev D.K. European Larch in the Center of the Russian Plain. Lesnoe khozyaystvo, 2011, no. 5, pp. 26–29. (In Russ.).
Самусенко В.Ф. Изменение лесорастительных свойств подзолистых почв под влиянием еловых и лиственничных культур: автореф. дис. … канд. с.-х. наук. М.: ТСХА, 1959. 22 с. Samusenko V.F. Changes in Forest Vegetation Properties of Podzolic Soils under the Influence of Spruce and Larch Crops: Cand. Agric. Sci. Diss. Abs. Moscow, 1959. 22 p. (In Russ.).
Тимофеев В.П. Лесные культуры лиственницы. М.: Лесн. пром-сть, 1977. 216 с. Timofeev V.P. Forest Crops of Larch. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennost’ Publ., 1977. 216 p. (In Russ.).
Ткаченко М.Е. Общее лесоводство. 2-е изд. / под ред. И.С. Мелехова. М.; Л.: Гослесбумиздат, 1952. 598 с. Tkachenko M.E. General Forestry. 2nd ed. Ed. by I.S. Melekhov. Moscow, Leningrad, Goslesbumizdat Publ., 1952. 598 p. (In Russ.).
Тупик П.В., Ребко С.В. Селекция лиственницы европейской на семенную продуктивность // Тр. БГТУ. 2015. № 1(174). С. 170–173. Tupik P.V., Rebko S.V. Selection of European Larch for Seed Productivity. Trudy BGTU = Proceedings of BSTU, 2015, no. 1(174), pp. 170–173. (In Russ.).
Штукин С.С., Волович П.И., Клыш А.С. Сохранность и продуктивность лесных культур лиственницы польской, созданных на раскорчеванной вырубке // Тр. БГТУ. 2015. № 1(174). С. 107–110. Shtukin S.S., Volovich P.I., Klysh A.S. Safety and Efficiency of Polish Larch Forest Cultures Created on the Uprooted Glade. Trudy BGTU = Proceedings of BSTU, 2015, no. 1(174), pp. 107–110. (In Russ.).
Янушко А.Д., Забелло К.Л. Влияние культур сосны и лиственницы на плодородие дерново-подзолистых почв на мощном пылеватом суглинке // Лесоведение и лесн. хоз-во. Минск, 1969. Вып. 2. С. 36–40. Yanushko A.D., Zabello K.L. The Influence of Pine and Larch Crops on the Fertility of Sod-Podzolic Soils on Thick Silty Loam. Lesovedenie i lesnoe khozyaystvo, 1969, iss. 2, pp. 36–40. (In Russ.).
Дебринюк Ю.М. Лiсiвничо-таксацiйнi аспекти культивування ялиново-модринових насаджень у Захiдному Лiсостепу Украïни // Науковi працi Лiсiвничоï академiï наук Украïни. 2014. Вип. 12. С. 99–108. Debryniuk Iu. Forestry and Taxation Aspects of the Cultivation of Spruce and Larch Plantations in the Western Steppe of Ukraine. Proceedings of the Forestry Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2014, iss. 12, pp. 99–108. (In Ukr.).
Дебринюк Ю.М., Белеля С.О. Формова рiзноманiтнiсть i життєвий стан модрини у насадженнях Захiдного Полiсся // Науковi працi Лiсiвничоï академiï наук Украïни. 2016. Вип. 14. С. 117–125. Debryniuk Iu., Belelya S. Variety of Forms and Vitality of the Larch in the Stands of Western Polissia. Proceedings of the Forestry Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2016, iss. 14, pp. 117–125. (In Ukr.).
Заïка В.К., Керiмов Е.Ⅰ., Ⅰваницький Р.С. Поширення та рiст модрини європейськоï в умовах Кременецького горбогiрʼя // Науковi працi Лiсiвничоï академiï наук Украïни. 2016. Вип. 14. С. 45–51. Zaika V., Кerimov Е., Іvanytskii R. European Larch Expansion and Growth in Conditions of Kremenetsk Hilly Region. Proceedings of the Forestry Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2016, iss. 14, pp. 45–51. (In Ukr.).
Chylarecki H. Modrzewie w Polsce. Warszawa, 2000. 148 p. (In Pol.).
Esper J., Riechelmann D.F.C., Holzkämper S. Circumferential and Longitudinal δ13C Variability in a Larix decidua Trunk from the Swiss Alps. Forests, 2020, vol. 11, no. 1, art. no. 117. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11010117
Fellner H., Dirnberger G.F., Sterba H. Specific Leaf Area of European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.). Trees, 2016, vol. 30, pp. 1237–1244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1361-1
Kain G., Lienbacher B., Barbu M.-C., Richter K., Petutschnigg A. Larch (Larix decidua) Bark Insulation Board: Interactions of Particle Orientation, Physical–Mechanical and Thermal Properties. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 2018, vol. 76, pp. 489–498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-017-1271-y
Lewandovski A., Burczyk J. Mating System and Genetic Diversity in Natural Populations of European Larch (Larix decidua) and Store Pine (Pinus cembra) Located at Higher Elevations. Silvae Genetica, 2000, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 158–161.
Matras J. Badania proweniencyjne modrzewia prowadzone przez Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa w latach 1948–2000. Prace Instytutu Badawczego Leśnictwa. Seria A, 2001, no. 908–912, pp. 41–63. (In Pol.).
Melnik L.P. Dissemination and Natural Regeneration Dynamics of Larch in Nikolskaya Forest Estate. 56th Student’s Scientific International Conference. Slovak Republic, Technical University in Zvolen, 2015, pp. 1213–1223.
Melnik L.P. Dissemenation of Larch and its Natural Regeneration Composition Dynamics under the Conditions of Simple Fresh Subor of the Nikolskaya Lesnaya Dacha. Eurasian Forests – Serbian Forests: Materials of the XVIII International Conference of Young Scientists, Dedicated to the Academician Prof. Žarko Miletić (1891–1968). Belgrade, University of Belgrade Faculty of Forestry, 2019, pp. 135–139.
Melnik P.G., Karasyov N.N. Productivity of Different Larch Types in Moscow Region. Eurasian Forests – Hungarian Forests: Materials of the VI International Conference of Young Scientists. Moscow, MSUF, 2006, pp. 83–85.
Nebe W., Hofmann W. Der Gesamt Ca-Gehalt des Bodens als wesentliche Fruchtbarkeitskennziffer forstlicher Standorte. Archiv für Naturschutz und Landschaftsforschung, 1982, vol. 22, iss. 1, pp. 19–25. (In Germ.). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112532522-004
Novak K., de Luis M., Škrk N., Straže A., Čufar K. Tree-Ring Chronologies of Picea abies, Larix decidua and Fagus sylvatica along Altitudinal Gradients. Les/Wood, 2022, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 31–46. https://doi.org/10.26614/les-wood.2022.v71n01a04
Szeligowski H. The Assessment of Polish Provenances of European Larch at an Experimental Plot in Rogуw (Central Poland). Folia Forestalia Polonica, Seriea A – Forestry, 2001, no. 43, pp. 53–68.
