Stabilization of Sizing of Waste Paper Containerboard during Storage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-6-195-205Keywords:
waste paper, containerboard, sizing, AKD glue, chemical auxiliariesAbstract
This article is devoted to the study of the mechanism of containerboard sizing. As practice shows, AKD glue (alkyl ketenedimer dispersion) does not fully mature on a paper-making machine and the final sizing in paper and cardboard on the reel is not achieved. The rate of interaction of AKD glue with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose and water is low and, depending on the paper storage temperature, the process can take from several hours to several days. As a rule, after 2 weeks the manufacturer has the final result of sizing in the material, but more often the finished products do not remain in warehouses for a long time, but are sent to the consumer immediately after manufacture. In order to predict the expected level of hydrophobic properties of containerboard after the complete maturation of AKD glue, an express method has been used to determine the absorbency with one-sided wetting according to the Cobb method. This method involves heat treatment at a temperature of 105 ± 2 °C, after which the reaction of the AKD wax with the paper components is completed, and the absorbency of the paper no longer decreases. However, in real conditions of paper and cardboard storage, unfortunately, the results obtained by the express method do not always correspond to the actual absorbency. This is due to the fact that in reality paper and cardboard mature differently than during heat treatment. At the same time, in practice, the following problems with the absorbency are sometimes encountered by the end consumer: under- and over-maturation of AKD glue, as well as reversal of sizing. Therefore, it is important for the manufacturer to evaluate how the maturation of AKD glue occurs and how this process can be optimized and stabilized during storage. The conducted scientific research is aimed at predicting and regulation of the set of considered properties of containerboard and the container itself, which they will achieve after shipment to the consumer due to the long maturation process of the glue used for sizing, depending on the choice of chemical auxiliaries and their dosing options. The possibility of using an express method for determining the surface one-sided absorbency to predict a number of normalized physical and mechanical parameters of future containers is substantiated.
Downloads
References
Акулов Б.В., Ермаков С.Г. Производство бумаги и картона. Пермь: Перм. гос. техн. ун-т, 2010. 432 с. Akulov B.V., Ermakov S.G. Paper and Cardboard Production. Perm, Perm State Technical University Publ., 2010. 432 p. (In Russ.).
Артемьева А.О., Гораздова В.В., Дернова Е.В., Дулькин Д.А. Стабилизация проклейки тарного картона // Проблемы механики целлюлозно-бумажных материалов: материалы VII Междунар. науч.-техн. конф. им. проф. В.И. Комарова. Архангельск: САФУ, 2023. С. 83–89. Artemeva A.O., Gorazdova V.V., Dernova E.V., Dulkin D.A. Stabilization of Container Board Sizing. The Issues in Mechanics of Pulp-and-Paper Materials: Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific and Technical Conference in Memory of Professor V.I. Komarov. Arkhangelsk, Northern (Arctic) Federal University Publ., 2023, pp. 83–89. (In Russ.).
Блинушова О.И., Дулькин Д.А., Ковернинский И.Н. Развитие теории механизма проклейки тест-лайнера димерами алкилкетена // Химия растит. сырья. 2008. № 1. С. 131–138. Blinushova O.I., Dulkin D.A., Koverninskij I.N. Development of the Theory of the Mechanism of Sizing the Test-Liner with Alkyl Ketene Dimmers. Khimija Rastitel’nogo Syr’ja, 2008, no. 1, pp. 131–138. (In Russ.).
Дернова Е.В., Гораздова В.В., Гурьев А.В., Дулькин Д.А., Дернов А.И., Окулова Е.О. Практикум по технологии бумаги и картона. Ч. I. Анализ полуфабрикатов, химикатов и бумажной массы. Архангельск: САФУ, 2022. 88 с. Dernova E.V., Gorazdova V.V., Gur’jev A.V., Dulkin D.A., Dernov A.I., Okulova E.O. Practical Course on Paper and Cardboard Technology. Part I. Analysis of Semi-Finished Products, Chemicals and Paper Pulp. Arkhangelsk, Northern (Arctic) Federal University Publ., 2022. 88 p. (In Russ.).
Дулькин Д.А., Спиридонов В.А., Комаров В.И. Современное состояние и перспективы использования вторичного волокна из макулатуры в мировой и отечественной индустрии бумаги. Архангельск: Арханг. гос. техн. ун-т, 2007. 1118 с. Dulkin D.A., Spiridonov V.A., Komarov V.I. Current Status and Prospects for the Use of Recycled Fiber from Waste Paper in the Global and Domestic Paper Industry. Arkhangelsk, Arkhangelsk State Technical University Publ., 2007. 1118 p. (In Russ.).
Кейзер П.М., Симонова Е.И. Технология бумаги и картона. СПб.: ВШТЭ СПбГУПТД, 2023. 92 с. Kejser P.M., Simonova E.I. Paper and Cardboard Technology. St. Petersburg, Higher School of Technology and Energy of Saint Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, 2023. 92 p. (In Russ.).
Хованский В.В., Дубовый В.К., Кейзер П.М. Применение химических вспомогательных веществ в производстве бумаги и картона. СПб.: СПбГТУРП, 2013. Ч. 2. 70 с. Khovanskij V.V., Dubovyj V.K., Kejzer P.M. Application of Chemical Auxiliaries in the Production of Paper and Cardboard. St. Petersburg, Saint Petersburg State Technological University of Plant Polymers, 2013, part 2. 70 p. (In Russ.).
Черная Н.В., Флейшер В.Л., Шишаков Е.П., Андрюхова М.В., Мисюров О.А. Изучение стабильности гидрофобности и прочности опытно-промышленных партий бумаги и картона // Химия и химическая технология переработки растительного сырья: материалы докл. Междунар. науч.-техн. конф., посвящ. 100-летию со дня рождения В.М. Резникова. Минск: Белорус. гос. технол. ун-т. 2018. С. 160–166. Chernaya N.V., Flejsher V.L., Shishakov E.P., Andryukhova M.V., Misyurov O.A. Study of Stability, Hydrophobicity and Strength of Pilot-Industrial Batches of Paper and Cardboard. Chemistry and Chemical Technology for Processing Plant Raw Materials: Proceedings of the Reports of the International Scientific and Technical Conference Dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of V.M. Reznikov. Minsk, Belarusian State Technological University, 2018, pp. 160–166. (In Russ.).
Al-Sabagh A.M., Nasser N.M., El-Hamid T.M.A. Investigation of Kinetic and Rheological Properties for the Demulsification Process. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 2013, vol. 22, iss. 1, pp. 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2012.11.013
Brungardt C.L., Cast J.C. Alkenil-Substituted Sizing Agents for Precision Converting Grades of Fine Paper. TAPPI Papermakers Conference Proceedings. USA, Philadelphia PA, 1996, pp. 297–308.
Chen Q., Ni Y., He Z. Substitution of High-Yield-Pulp for Hardwood Bleached Kraft Pulp in Paper Production and Its Effect on Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride Sizing. BioResources, 2012, vol. 7, iss. 2, pp. 1462–1473. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.2.1462-1473
Crouse B., Wimer D. Alkaline Sizing: an Overview. TAPPI Neutral / Alkaline Short Course, 1990, pp. 5–39.
Derkach S.R. Rheology of Emulsions. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2009, vol. 151, iss. 1–2, pp. 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2009.07.001
Eklund E., Lindstrom T. Water Penetration and Internal Sizing. Paper Chemistry: An Introduction. Finland, Grankulla, DT Paper Science Publications, 1991, chapt. 7, pp. 192–222.
Esser A., Blum R., Kuhn J., Leduc M. Neue Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Störstofibekämpfung mit Polyvinylaminen. Wochenblatt für Papierfabrikation, 2004, no. 10, pp. 535–539. (In Germ.).
Feng G.L., Liu Y.Z., Jiao W.Z., Na-Na Y.U., Wang D.Z. Preparation and Property of Paraffin Wax Emulsion. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2011, iss. 06, pp. 31–34. https://doi.org/10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2011.06.011
Hensema E.R., Welch M.J., Broekhuisen G.J., Bates R. Sizing and Ink Jet Printing of European Multi Purpose Office Paper. TAPPI Papermakers Conference Proceedings, 1997.
Huang L., Chen C., Gao S., Cui L., Wang S., Song X., Chen F., Liu J., Yu S. Preparation and Characterization of a High Performance Emulsion Using a Polymeric Emulsifier and AKD. BioResources, 2018, vol. 13, iss. 2, pp. 4046–4057. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.2.4046-4057
Mattson R., Sterte J., Ödberg L. Colloidal Stability of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) Dispersions. Influence of Shear, Electrolyte Concentration, Poly-electrolytes and Surfactants. The Science of Papermaking: Transactions of the XIIth Fundamental Research Symposium. Oxford, 2001, pp. 393–413. https://doi.org/10.15376/frc.2001.1.393
Meixner M. New Internal Sizing Technology for Precision Converted Alkaline Finer Paper. World Pulp&Paper Technology, 1996/97.
Yu L., Garnier G. Mechanism of Internal Sizing with Alkyl Ketene Dimers: the Role of Vapour Deposition. The Fundamentals of Papermaking Materials: Transactions of the XIth Fundamental Research Symposium. Cambridge, 1997, pp. 1021–1046. https://doi.org/10.15376/frc.1997.2.1021
