Silvicultural Assessment of 47-Yeard-Old Siberian Fir Crops in the Middle Urals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2025-5-92-106Keywords:
Siberian fir, crops, morphometric parameters, timber stand, cone yield, sanitary assessmentAbstract
The aim of the research has been to investigate the preservation, growth, productivity and condition of Siberian fir in age class 3 crops in different forest types in the territory of the southern taiga forests of the Middle Urals. The object of the research has become Siberian fir in 47-year-old crops planted in pine forests of 3 types: berry-lime, grass-lime and mixed-grass. When carrying out the work, the researchers have been guided by well-known methods in forestry and silviculture. There have been no improvement thinning operations in the crops over the past 30 years. It has been established that an artificial dendrocenosis has formed a complex stand with a high density of crowns. The highest preservation of fir has been noted in the berry-lime pine forest (59 %); the lowest – in the mixed-grass pine forest (41 %). The fir timber stand has been equal to 99–108 m3/ha. In all types of forests, the stand is represented exclusively by small merchantable wood. Upon reaching age class 3, fir crops are characterized as successful, since their height corresponds to quality classes I and II. Fir trees are most susceptible to morphological changes in the stem part in the mixed grass pine forest (30 %), in the grass-lime and berry-lime pine forests they are less pronounced. The maximum number of fir trees with reproductive organs has been noted in the mixed-grass pine forest (94 %), where the upper part of the crown experiences longer insolation. According to the weighted average category of sanitary condition (close to 1.0), Siberian fir crops are classified as plantations without signs of weakening. In an area with a dense arrangement of a large number of fir trees, the possibility of the appearance of various types of diseases and insects cannot be ruled out, therefore monitoring is necessary here. For the successful further growth of Siberian fir, the authors recommend the formation of a combined plantation (artificial + natural) of coniferous species, which will be stable and durable, and from a recreational point of view, more aesthetically pleasing. A proposal is also being made to organize a seed base in Siberian fir forest crops.
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