Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Arabinogalactan from Siberian Larch Wood
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2025-5-153-168Keywords:
arabinogalactan, Rhizopus oryzae, β-galactosidase, enzymatic hydrolysis, simple sugars, reducing substancesAbstract
When pulp is obtained from plant raw materials, secondary resources are formed represented by hydrolysates of polysaccharides and lignin, which can act as a substrate in microbiotechnology for the production of bioproducts. Arabinogalactan, which is converted into liquor by the current technology during the production of pulp from larch wood, should also be considered an economically attractive substrate for cultivating microorganisms. A technology for cooking larch wood pulp with pre-extraction of arabinogalactan with hot water has also been developed, making it available as a raw material for microbiology. However, not all microorganisms possess the necessary enzymes to break down this substrate, therefore, in order to increase the bioavailability, arabinogalactan must be subjected to preliminary catalytic, preferably enzymatic, hydrolysis, which is more environmentally friendly compared to chemical hydrolysis. This work is devoted to the investigation of the potential of using the β-galactosidase enzyme complex Rhizopus oryzae F-1030 for the biodegradation of arabinogalactan. The ability of the fungus to metabolize and assimilate arabinogalactan as a sole carbon source has been demonstrated. It has been established that the increase in fungal biomass is directly dependent on the concentration of arabinogalactan in the medium. The selection of rational incubation conditions for extracellular β-galactosidase R. oryzae F-1030 after the removal of fungal biomass from the culture fluid has made it possible to achieve an effective level of arabinogalactan cleavage with enrichment of the medium with reducing substances represented by simple sugars. It has been established that β-galactosidase R. oryzae F-1030 at a temperature of 60 °С, рН 7.0±0.2 and constant stirring exhibits high enzymatic activity at all arabinogalactan concentrations studied. It has been noted that during the first 3 days of incubation, the main increase in the concentration of reducing substances in the culture medium occurs, whereas subsequently, almost no increase in the content of reducing substances is observed due to the depletion of bonds in arabinogalactan molecules available for hydrolysis by the β-galactosidase enzyme, as well as due to the possible interaction of the enzyme with the reaction products. It has been proven that the activity of the β-galactosidase enzyme R. oryzae F-1030 is directly dependent on the concentration of arabinogalactan and the temperature of the culture medium. The results obtained allow us to consider β-galactosidase R. oryzae F-1030 as a promising enzyme for the biomodification of arabinogalactan and for the combined use of both the enzyme and arabinogalactan in the feed industry.
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