The Study of the Destruction Process of Frozen and Thawing Soils Exposed to the Skidding System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2020-2-101-117Keywords:
frozen soil, logging, skidding system, soil compaction, soil deformationAbstract
Wood logging in the forests of the cryolithozone is growing more urgent for the Russian Federation due to the depletion of available reserves of mature commercial forests in southern and Central Siberia, the Republic of Buryatia, and Khabarovsk Krai, while the development of woodworking enterprises in the Far Eastern Federal District. During the operation of modern forest machines, for instance wheeled forwarders, the issues of their efficiency, first of all, mobility and technological productivity in the specific production and geotechnical conditions are now becoming ever more relevant. These circumstances together with the necessity to minimize the anthropogenic load on the environment put forward the problem of optimizing the number of passes of the skidding system by one run into the most pressing ones. Special conditions for the operation of skidding systems take place in logging operations on frozen and thawing soils. In the first case, there is a sufficiently large volume of ice in the soil massif. The ice has a great impact on increasing the bearing capacity of the soil under the influence of the initial vertical load of the skidding system. In the second case, frozen soil is oversaturated with water when thawing; therefore, the natural bonds between the solid particles grow week, and the physical and mechanical properties of the soil lose their original values. The forwarder forms a rut in the immediate area of contact of the wheel with the soil. The larger the size of the area, the higher the force transferred to the soil for implementation of the necessary traction. We have developed the mathematical model of calculation of parameters of the destruction process of the thawing soil massif on the border with the permafrost zone. The model allows to make an assessment of hypothetical values of depth of the formed rut including engineering capabilities of forwarders and their maneuvering in the work environment at the design stage.
For citation: Rudov S.E., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. The Study of the Destruction Process of Frozen and Thawing Soils Exposed to the Skidding System. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2020, no. 2, pp. 101–117. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2020-2-101-117
Downloads
References
Велли Ю.Я., Докучаев В.В., Федоров Н.Ф. Здания и сооружения на Крайнем Севере. л.: Госстройиздат, 1963. 492 с. [Velli Yu.Ya., Dokuchayev V.V., Fedorov N.F. Buildings and Structures in the Far North. Leningrad, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1963. 492 p.].
Газизов А.М., Шапиро В.Я., Григорьев И.В. Влияние влажности на развитие процесса разрушения коры при роторной окорке // Вестн. МГУЛ–лесн. вестн. 2008. № 6. с. 129–133. [Gazizov A.M., Shapiro V.J., Grigorev I.V. Agency of Moisture on Evolution of Process of Destruction of a Bark at Rotor Disbark. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta lesa – Lesnoy vestnik [Forestry Bulletin], 2008, no. 6, pp. 129–133].
Григорьева О.И., Григорьев М.Ф., Григорьев И.В. Анализ естественного лесовозобновления в Алексеевском участковом лесничестве Республики Саха (Якутия) // Forest Engineering: материалы науч.-практ. конф. с междунар. участием, г. Якутск, 30–31 мая 2018 г. Якутск: Изд. дом СВФУ. 2018. с. 72–75. [Grigoreva O.I., Grigorev M.F., Grigorev I.V. Analysis of Natural Reforestation in the Alekseevsky Forestry of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Forest Engineering: Proceedings of Science and Practical Conference with International Participation, Yakutsk, May 30–31, 2018. Yakutsk, NEFU Publ., 2018, pp. 72–75].
Котляренко В.И. Основные направления повышения проходимости колесных машин М.: МГИУ, 2008. 285 с. [Kotlyarenko V.I. The Main Directions of Improving the Mobility of Wheeled Vehicles. Moscow, MSIU Publ., 2008. 285 p.].
Куницкая О.А., Шапиро В.Я., Бурмистрова С.С., Григорьев И.В. Определение оптимальных параметров процесса прессования и обезвоживания пропитанных древесных материалов // вестн. МГУЛ–лесн. вестн. 2012. № 4. с. 110–115. [Kunitskaja O.A., Shapiro V.J., Burmistrova S.S., Grigorev I.V. Model of Processes and Dehydration of the Impregnated Wood Materials. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta lesa – Lesnoy vestnik [Forestry Bulletin], 2012, no. 4, pp. 110–115].
Морозов Е.М., Зернин М.В. Контактные задачи механики разрушения. Изд. 2-е. М.: ЛИБРОКОМ, 2010. 544 с. [Morozov E.M., Zernin M.V. Contact Problem of Fracture Mechanics. Moscow, LIBROKOM Publ., 2010. 544 p.].
Роман Л.Т., Царапов М.Н., Котов П.И., Волохов С.С., Мотенко Р.Г., Черкасов А.М., Штейн А.И., Костоусов А.И. Пособие по определению физико-механических свойств промерзающих, мерзлых и оттаивающих дисперсных грунтов. М.: Унив. кн., 2018. 188 c. [Roman L.T., Tsarapov M.N., Kotov P.I., Volokhov S.S., Motenko R.G., Cherkasov A.M., Shteyn A.I., Kostousov A.I. A Handbook for Determination of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Freezing through, Frozen and Thawing Dispersive Soils. Moscow, Universitetskaya kniga Publ., 2018. 188 p.].
Теринов Н.Н., Герц Э.Ф., Безгина Ю.Н. Развитие техники и технологий лесозаготовок на Урале // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2016. № 2. с. 81–90. [Terinov N.N., Gerts E.F., Bezgina Yu.N. Development of Logging Technology in the Urals. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2016, no. 2, pp. 81–90]. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2016.2.81; URL: http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/upload/iblock/f46/terinov.pdf
Цытович Н.А. Механика мерзлых грунтов. М.: Высш. шк., 1983. 288 с. [Tsytovich N.A. Mechanics of Frozen Soils. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1983. 288 p.].
Шапиро В.Я., Шапиро Н.А. Использование цепей Маркова для прогноза эффективности ПИФов // Экономическое развитие и практика: материалы Междунар. науч. конф. (Санкт-Петербург, 05–07 апреля 2007 г.). СПб.: Образоват. центр экономики и менеджмента, 2007. с. 79–81. [Shapiro V.Ya., Shapiro N.A. The Use of Markov Chains for the Efficiency Forecast of Mutual Funds. Economic Development and Practice: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference (Saint Petersburg, April 5–7, 2007). Saint Petersburg, Obrazovatel’nyy tsentr ekonomiki i menedzhmenta Publ., 2007, pp. 79–81].
Шегельман И.Р., Будник П.В. Особенности оценки расчетной рейсовой нагрузки на антецедентной стадии проектирования бесчокерной трелевочной системы на основе машинного эксперимента // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2019. № 3. с. 82–96. [Shegelman I.R., Budnik P.V. Features of Calculated Truck Load Estimation at Antecedent Design Stage of Chokerless Skidding System Based on Computer Experiment. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2019, no. 3, pp. 82–96]. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2019.3.82, URL: http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/upload/iblock/5ee/82_96.pdf
Antoniade C., Şlincu C., Stan C., Ciobanu V., Ştefan V. Maximum Loading Heights for Heavy Vehicles Used in Timber Transportation. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov. Series II: Forestry. Wood Industry. Agricultural Food Engineering, 2012, vol. 5(54), no. 1, pp. 7–12.
Cerato A.B., Lutenegger A.J. Specimen Size and Scale Effects of Direct Shear Box Tests of Sands. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 2006, vol. 29, iss. 6, pp. 507–516. DOI: 10.1520/GTJ100312
Ding L., Yang H., Gao H., Li N., Deng Z., Guo J., Li N. TerramechanicsBased Modeling of Sinkage and Moment for in-situ Steering Wheels of Mobile Robots on Deformable Terrain. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2017, vol. 116, pp. 14–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2017.05.011
Grigorev M., Grigoreva A., Grigorev I., Kunickaya O., Stepanova D., Savvinova M., Sidorov M., Tomashevskaya E., Burtseva I., Zakharova O. Experimental Findings in Forest Soil Mechanics. EurAsian Journal of BioSciences, 2018, vol. 12, iss. 2, pp. 277–287.
Han S.-K., Han H.-S., Page-Dumroese D.S., Johnson L.R. Soil Compaction Associated with Cut-to-Length and Whole-Tree Harvesting of a Coniferous Forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2009, vol. 39(5), pp. 976–989. DOI: 10.1139/X09-027
Ivanov V.A., Grigorev I.V., Gasparyan G.D., Manukovsky A.Y., Zhuk A.Yu., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. Environment-Friendly Logging in the Context of Water Logged Soil and Knob-and-Ridge Terrain. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 2018, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 22–27. DOI: 10.26480/jmerd.02.2018.22.27
Khitrov E.G., Andronov A.V. Bearing Floatation of Forest Machines (Theoretical Calculation). IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019, vol. 695, art. 012020. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/695/1/012020
Lepilin D., Laurén A., Uusitalo J., Tuittila E-S. Soil Deformation and Its Recovery in Logging Trails of Drained Boreal Peatlands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2019, vol. 49(7), pp. 743–751. DOI: 10.1139/cjfr-2018-0385
Nawaz M.F., Bourrié G., Trolard F. Soil Compaction Impact and Modelling. A Review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2012, vol. 33, pp. 291–309. DOI: 10.1007/s13593-011-0071-8
