Biological and Commercial Efficiency of Applying Herbicides via Injection During Young Growth Tending
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-3-53-67Keywords:
herbicides, herbicide injection, aspen, Populus tremula L., grey alder, Alnus in- cana (L.) Moench, forest tending, thinning, release cuttings, forest clearings, undesirable deciduous vegetation, suppression by deciduous speciesAbstract
Significant areas of the forest fund are occupied by mixed stands of different origins due to unseasonable tending and its low quality. In order to form coniferous stands with a slight admixture of deciduous trees, it is necessary to change their species composition and density. Carrying out thinning (release cuttings and forest clearings) requires significant costs and labor intensity. The most promising option for eliminating competition between deciduous trees in mixed stands is the herbicide injection into the trunks of undesirable deciduous trees. This technology combines high silvicultural and commercial efficiency with environmental safety. Guidelines for herbicide injection have not been updated for more than three decades and require significant adjustments. The research aimed at the regulation improvement of the forest stands composition and density by injecting herbicides and their mixtures into the trunks of deciduous trees while reducing the chemical and toxic load on forest ecosystems. Research objects were individual trees of grey alder (Alnus incana (L.) Moench) and aspen (Populus tremula L.) of vegetative origin in the pole stage in mixed plantations. The studies revealed the effective action of the Tornado herbicide preparation and its mixture with the Arbonal herbicide in low doses on grey alder and aspen with complete suppression of their vegetative capacity. The Arbonal alone acted somewhat slower than the Tornado, but showed high efficiency in the vegetation season following the treatment. The data obtained indicate the prospects of the recommended options for the herbicides application to suppress deciduous species common for the taiga zone. Cost- effectiveness analysis of the proposed technology showed that the total financial costs are 16–21 times lower compared to the basic technology using mechanical means of eliminating undesirable vegetation.
Funding: The research was financially supported by the Federal Agency for Forestry within the state assignment of the Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute approved by the Order No. 053-00006-22-00 dated December 23, 2021.
Downloads
References
Бубнов А.А., Егоров А.Б., Павлюченкова Л.Н., Постников А.М. Экологическая оценка гербицидов, используемых при лесовыращивании // Тр. СПбНИИЛХ. 2022. № 4. С. 58–75. Bubnov A.A., Egorov A.B., Pavluchenkova L.N., Postnikov A.M. Ecological Evaluation of Herbicide Application in Forest Cultivation. Proceedings of the Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Forestry, 2022, no. 4, pp. 58–75. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21178/2079-6080.2022.4.58
Бубнов А.А., Постников А.М., Егоров А.Б., Павлюченкова Л.Н., Партолина А.Н. Регулирование состава насаждений способом инъекции гербицидов в стволы деревьев нежелательных древесных пород: история и перспективы // Тр. СПбНИИЛХ. 2023. № 2. С. 4–17. Bubnov A.A., Postnikov A.M., Egorov A.B., Pavluchenkova L.N., Partolina A.N. Regulation of the Composition of Plantations by the Method of Injection of Herbicides into Unwanted Tree Species: History and Perspectives. Proceedings of the Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Forestry, 2023, no. 2, pp. 4–17. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21178/2079-6080.2023.2.4
Долженко В.И., Петунова А.А., Маханькова Т.А. Биолого-токсикологические требования к совершенствованию ассортимента гербицидов на рубеже XXI века // Состояние и развитие гербологии на пороге XXI столетия: материалы второго Всерос. науч.-производств. совещ. Голицыно, 2000. С. 122–126. Dolzhenko V.I., Petunova A.A., Makhan’kova T.A. Biological and Toxicological Requirements for Improving the Range of Herbicides at the Turn of the 21st Century. The State and Development of Herbology on the Threshold of the 21st Century: Materials of the 2nd All-Russian Scientific and Production Meeting. Golitsino, 2000, pp. 122–126. (In Russ.).
Егоров А.Б. Восстановление хвойных лесов регулированием состава и строения фитоценозов химическим способом: современное состояние и перспективы развития // Современные проблемы и эффективность регулирования фитоценозов в лесном хозяйстве. Тр. СПбНИИЛХ, 1999. С. 9–23. Egorov A.B. Restoration of Coniferous Forests by Chemical Regulation of the Composition and Structure of Phytocenoses: Current Status and Development Prospects. Current Issues and Effectiveness of Phytocenoses Regulation in Forestry. Proceedings of the Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Forestry, 1999, pp. 9–23. (In Russ.).
Ильин В.П., Подшиваев Е.Е. Реконструкция двухъярусного осиново-елового древостоя посредством химической подсушки осины // Актуал. проблемы лесн. комплекса. 2014. № 38. С. 82–85. Ilyin V.P., Podshivaev E.E. Reconstruction of a Two-Tiered Aspen-Spruce Stand Using Chemical Drying of Aspen. Aktual’nye problemy lesnogo kompleksa, 2014, no. 38, pp. 82–85. (In Russ.).
Калиниченко Н.П., Писаренко А.И., Смирнов Н.А. Лесовосстановление на вырубках. М.: Экология, 1991. 384 с. Kalinichenko N.P., Pisarenko A.I., Smirnov N.A. Reforestation in Clearings. Moscow, Ekologiya Publ., 1991. 384 p. (In Russ.).
Постников А.М., Егоров А.Б., Бубнов А.А., Павлюченкова Л.Н. Биологическая эффективность способа инъекции гербицидов и их смесей в стволы деревьев нежелательных пород // Изв. С.-Петерб. лесотехн. акад. 2024. № 248. С. 57–74. Postnikov A.M., Egorov A.B., Bubnov A.A., Pavlyuchenkova L.N. Biological Efficiency of the Method of Injecting Herbicides and Their Mixtures into Tree Trunks of Unwanted Species. Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj Lesotehniceskoj Akademii, 2024, iss. 248, pp. 57–74. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2024.248.57-74
Постников А.М., Егоров А.Б., Бубнов А.А., Павлюченкова Л.Н., Партолина А.Н. Ассортимент гербицидов для применения в лесном хозяйстве способом инъекции в стволы деревьев // Леса России: политика, промышленность, наука, образование: материалы VIII Всерос. науч.-техн. конф. СПб.: СПбГЛТУ, 2023. С. 335–337. Postnikov A.M., Egorov A.B., Bubnov A.A., Pavlyuchenkova L.N., Partolina A.N. Range of Herbicides for Application in Forestry by Injection into Tree Trunks. Forests of Russia: Policy, Industry, Science, and Education. Proceedings of the 8th All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference, May 24–26, 2023. Saint Petersburg, SPSFTU Publ., 2023, pp. 335–337. (In Russ.).
Редько Г.И., Бабич Н.А. Лесовосстановление на европейском севере России. Архангельск: Сев.-Зап. кн. изд-во, 1994. 188 с. Redko G.I., Babich N.A. Reforestation in the European North of Russia. Arkhangelsk, North-West Book Publishing House, 1994. 188 p. (In Russ.).
Соколов А.И. Лесовосстановление на вырубках северо-запада России. Петрозаводск: КарНЦ РАН, 2006. 215 с. Sokolov A.I. Reforestation in Forest Cuttings of the North-West of Russia. Petrozavodsk, KSC RAS Publ., 2006. 215 p. (In Russ.).
Список пестицидов и агрохимикатов, разрешенных к применению на территории Российской Федерации. 2021 г.: приложение к журналу «Защита и карантин растений». № 4. М.: Колос, 2021. 815 с. List of Pesticides and Agrochemicals Permitted for Use in the Russian Federation. 2021: Supplement to the Journal “Plant Protection and Quarantine”. No. 4. Moscow, Kolos Publ., 2021. 815 p. (In Russ.).
Трофимов Л.Н. Экономическая оценка химического ухода за молодняками в производственных условиях (на примере Лениградской области) // Тр. СПбНИИЛХ. 2004. Вып. 1(11). С. 114–118. Trofimov L.N. Economic Assessment of Young Growth Chemical Tending in Production Environment (Case Study of the Leningrad Region). Proceedings of the Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Forestry, 2004, no. 1(11), pp. 114–118. (In Russ.).
Федорчук В.Н., Нешатаев В.Ю., Кузнецова М.Л. Лесные экосистемы северо-западных районов России: типология, динамика, хозяйственные особенности. СПб.: СПбНИИЛХ, 2005. 382 с. Fedorchuk V.N., Neshataev V.Yu., Kuznetsova M.L. Forest Ecosystems of the Northwestern Regions of Russia: Typology, Dynamics, Economic Characteristics. Saint Petersburg, SPbNIILH Publ., 2005. 382 p. (In Russ.).
Чижов Б.Е., Штоль В.А., Герасимова М.В., Глухарева М.В. Совершенствование химического метода подсушки нежелательных деревьев при уходе за лесом // Лесохоз. информ. 2015. № 1. С. 42–49. Chizhov B.E., Shtol V.A., Gerasimova M.V., Glukhareva M.V. Improvement of Undesirable Tree Pre-Drying Chemical Procedure in Thinnings. Forestry information, 2015, no. 1, pp. 42–49. (In Russ.).
Archer L., Crane G.H., Albrecht U. Trunk Injection as a Tool to Deliver Plant Protection Materials – An Overview of Basic Principles and Practical Considerations. Horticulturae, 2022, vol. 8, iss. 6, art. 552. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8060552
Badalamenti E., La Mantia T. Stem-Injection of Herbicide for Control of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle: A Practical Source of Power for Drilling Holes in Stems. iForest, 2013, vol. 6, pp. 123–126. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor0693-006
DiTomaso J.M., Kyser G.B. Control of Ailanthus altissima Using Stem Herbicide Application Techniques. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry, 2007, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 55–63. https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2007.007
Ford S. Cut and Inject Herbicide Control of Japanese Knotweed Fallopia japonica at Rocky Valley, Cornwall, England. Conservation Evidence, 2004, no. 1, pp. 1–2.
Kochenderfer J.D., Miller G.W., Kochenderfer J.N. A Comparison of Two Stem Injection Treatments Applied to American Beech in Central West Virginia. Research Paper NRS-21. Newtown Square, PA, USDA, Northern Research Station. 2012. 10 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RP-21
Lewis K., McCarthy B. Nontarget Tree Mortality After Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) Injection with Imazapyr. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry, 2008, vol. 25, iss. 2, pp. 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1093/njaf/25.2.66
McKenzie J., Brazier D., Owen A., Vitelli J., Mayer B. Stem Injection: A Control Technique Often Overlooked for Exotic Woody Weeds. Proceedings of 17th Australasian Weeds Conference “New Frontiers in New Zealand: Together We Can Beat the Weeds”, September 26-30, 2010. Christchurch, New Zealand, Christchurch Convention Centre, 2010, pp. 459–461.
O’Brien C.J., Mellor V., Galea V.J. Controlling Woody Weed Chinese Elm (Celtis sinensis Pers.) with Stem-Implanted Herbicide Capsules. Plants, 2022, vol. 11, iss. 3, art. 444. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030444
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Postnikov A.M., Egorov A.B., Bubnov A.A., Pavluchenkova L.N.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
