Позитивное влияние низкоинтенсивных силовых тренировок с ограничением кровотока на показатели обмена веществ у мужчин с метаболическим синдромом
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-Z149Ключевые слова:
тренировка с ограничением кровотока, низкоинтенсивная силовая тренировка, мужчины с метаболическим синдромом, нарушение толерантности к глюкозеАннотация
Силовая тренировка с ограничением кровотока при помощи надувных манжет или эластичных лент производит частичную окклюзию сосудов тренируемых мышц. По сравнению с высокоинтенсивной силовой тренировкой тренировка с ограничением кровотока заметно снижает механическую нагрузку, но вызывает аналогичный прирост мышечной массы и силы, поэтому данный метод эффективен для людей с ограниченными физическими возможностями. Недавние исследования показали, что подобные тренировки благотворно влияют на метаболизм глюкозы и способствуют митохондриальному биогенезу, следовательно, их можно рассматривать как ценную альтернативу физическим упражнениям для людей с метаболическим синдромом – расстройством, характеризующимся нарушением метаболизма глюкозы, снижением скелетно-мышечной массы и прогрессированием саркопении. Цель работы – оценить влияние низкоинтенсивных силовых тренировок с ограничением кровотока на показатели обмена веществ у мужчин с метаболическим синдромом. Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 45 нетренированных мужчин (средний возраст – 35,2±6,4 года), по состоянию здоровья соответствующих критериям метаболического синдрома. Участники были распределены на три группы по видам тренировки: низкоинтенсивная силовая с ограничением кровотока; высокоинтенсивная силовая без ограничения кровотока; низкоинтенсивная силовая без ограничения кровотока. До и после курса тренировок (12 недель) оценивались уровни глюкозы, триглицеридов, липопротеинов высокой плотности в плазме крови, систолическое артериальное давление, обхват талии и z-показатель тяжести метаболического синдрома. Результаты. Выявлено статистически значимое (р ˂ 0,05) снижение всех показателей у мужчин в группах низкоинтенсивной силовой тренировки с ограничением кровотока и высокоинтенсивной силовой тренировки. В показателях мужчин, относящихся к группе низкоинтенсивной силовой тренировки без ограничения кровотока, не обнаружено статистически значимых изменений (р ˃ 0,05). Таким образом, исследование установило, что низкоинтенсивные силовые тренировки с ограничением кровотока улучшают метаболический профиль мужчин с метаболическим синдромом, поэтому могут применяться в профилактике и лечении метаболических нарушений.
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