Effect of Relaxation Practice on Neuronal Synchronization in the Human Cerebral Cortex During the Development of Fatigue at Local Muscle Work
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-Z261Keywords:
alpha synchronization, relaxation, local muscle activity, functional stress, occupational disease prevention, functional state correction, fatigue due to muscle workAbstract
Numerous publications about the adverse effects of prolonged local muscle work on the musculoskeletal system and blood circulation point out a risk of serious health problems in individuals whose work involves local muscle load. One of the reasons behind the low efficiency of the current preventive measures is the lack of concrete scientific data on the central mechanisms of fatiguing local muscle work. The purpose of the study was to investigate changes in the electroencephalographic parameters during neuronal synchronization at prolonged local muscle work and fatigue in healthy men aged between 21 and 29 years, taking into account their physical and mental fitness. Materials and methods. The research was conducted at the Sport Science Laboratory and Psychophysical Safety Laboratory, Research Centre, South Ural State University, in 2023–2024. The study involved apparently healthy men aged 21 to 29 years (mean age 24 ± 3 years). The subjects were divided into three groups: athletes doing acyclic sports using local loads (kickboxing and boxing) (n = 16), students and postgraduate students regularly doing relaxation practice (n = 23) and students and postgraduates doing neither sports nor relaxation exercises (control; n = 21). The relaxation group initially received training from an experienced instructor and continued to practice the techniques independently while listening to audio recordings. EEG alpha synchronization was studied during fatiguing local loads using a hand ergograph. All measurements were performed during intersession and between competitions. Results. Changes in EEG parameters were identified, indicating a weakening of synchronization processes and an increase in the level of functional stress in all subjects during local load; especially pronounced changes were observed in the control group. Although the athletes recovered from the local load faster than the controls, relaxation was also found to normalize EEG synchronization parameters and lead to increased performance during prolonged local muscle work. Thus, relaxation is an effective as well as more affordable and less time-consuming, compared to sports, way of influencing the functional state of the central nervous system and can be recommended as a preventive measure against the development of occupational diseases in people whose work involves local muscle load.
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