Heavy Metals Content in Soils and Woody Vegetation of Urban Area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2019-5-216Keywords:
heavy metals, environmental situation, pollutants, monitoring, test plantAbstract
Creation of green areas of target composition is one of the ways of levelling the influence of hazardous environmental factors on the comfort of living in the city. The research purpose is content analysis of heavy metals in soils and woody plants at different distances from roads of the urban environment (Vologda). Breeds prevailing in the green areas of the studied settlement were selected for the analysis. Downy birch (Betula pubescens) and blue spruce (Picea pungens) are found in a majority of objects; Siberian pea shrub (Caragana arborescens) is the most popular shrub in hedges along the roads. The content of highly toxic pollutants (cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, nickel, chromium) has been found. The presence of active forms of heavy metals, the concentration of which would exceed the maximum allowable concentration, has not been recorded in the soils of Vologda. However, the content of zinc and cadmium near the roads is higher than the background value for the European part of Russia. The content of active forms of heavy metals in soils near the road and with distance from it reduces. The same trend was noted for the assimilation apparatus of the studies trees and shrubs. In leaves and needles of dendroflora, zinc accumulates the best of all, copper takes the second place, and lead takes the third place. It was determined that Siberian pea shrub and downy birch are able to accumulate heavy metals in leaves. It was found that the biological absorption factor is higher for elements such as copper, zinc, and lead.
For citation: Karbasnikova E.B., Zalyvskaya O.S., Chukhina O.V. Heavy Metals Content in Soils and Woody Vegetation of Urban Area. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Forestry Journal], 2019, no. 5, pp. 216–223. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2019.5.216
Downloads
References
Алексеев С.В., Молчанов А.А. Плодоношение сибирской лиственницы в северных условиях // Советский Север: газ. 1938. № 8. С. 62–72. [Alekseev S.V., Molchanov A.A. Fruiting of Siberian Larch in Northern Conditions. Sovetskiy Sever, 1988, no. 8, pp. 62–72].
Бабич Н.А., Карбасникова Е.Б., Долинская И.С. Интродуценты и экстразональные виды в антропогенной среде (на примере г. Вологды): моногр. Архангельск: ИПЦ САФУ, 2012. 184 с. [Babich N.A., Karbasnikova E.B., Dolinskaya I.S. Introduced and Extrazonal Species in the Anthropogenic Environment (On the Example of Vologda): Monography. Arkhangelsk, NArFU Publ., 2012. 184 p.].
ГН 2.1.7.2041–06. Предельно допустимые концентрации (ПДК) химических веществ в почве: гигиенические нормативы. М.: Федер. центр гигиены и эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора, 2006. 15 с. [GN 2.1.7.2041–06. Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) of Chemical Substances in Soils: Hygiene Standards. Moscow, Federal Hygienic and Epidemiological Center of Rospotrebnadzor Publ., 2006. 15 p.].
Ильин В.Б. Тяжелые металлы в системе почва–растение. Новосибирск: Наука. Сиб. отд-ние, 1991. 150 с. [Il’in V.B. Heavy Metals in the Soil–Plant System. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1991. 150 p.].
Никаноров А.М., Хоружая Т.А. Экология. М.: Приор, 1999. 304 с. [Nikanorov A.M., Khoruzhaya T.A. Ecology. Moscow, Prior Publ., 1999. 304 p.].
Обзор фонового состояния окружающей природной среды СССР за 1985 г. / под ред. Ю.А. Израэля, Ф.Я. Ровинского. М.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1986. 110 с. [A Review of the Background Environmental Conditions of the USSR for 1985. Moscow, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1986. 110 p.].
Орлов Д.С. Экология и охрана биосферы при химическом загрязнении. М.: Высш. шк., 2002. 334 с. [Orlov D.S. Ecology and Biosphere Protection under Chemical Pollution. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 2002. 334 p.].
Парибок Т.А., Леина Г.Д., Сазыкина Н.А., Топорский В.Н., Николаева Т.И., Дьячкова Т.Б. Накопление свинца в городских растениях // Ботан. журн. 1981. Т. 66, № 11. С. 1646–1654. [Paribok T.A., Leina G.D., Sazykina N.A., Toporskiy V.N., Nikolayeva T.I., D’yachkova T.B. Lead Accumulation in Urban Plants. Botanicheskii Zhurnal, 1981, vol. 66, no. 11, pp. 1646–1654].
Снакин В.В., Кузнецов А.В., Платонов И.Г., Присяжная А.А., Соколов О.А., Хрисанов В.Р., Рухович О.В. Свинец в почвах и растениях России // Проблемы окружающей среды и природных ресурсов: обз. информ. М., 1988. Вып. 11. С. 73–90. [Snakin V.V., Kuznetsov A.V., Platonov I.G., Prisyazhnaya A.A., Sokolov O.A., Khrisanov V.R., Rukhovich O.V. Lead in Soils and Plants of Russia. Problemy okruzhayushchey sredy i prirodnykh resursov: obzornaya informatsiya, 1988, vol. 11, pp. 73–90].
Филонова Е.Н. О гигиеническом нормировании тяжелых металлов в почвах // Безопасность жизнедеятельности. 2009. № 3. С. 30–35. [Filonova Е.N. On the Hygienic Fixing of Heavy Metals in the Soil. Bezopasnost’ zhiznedeatel’nosti [Life Safety], 2009, no. 3, pp. 30–35].
Фомичева Ю.С. Свинец в окружающей среде и его влияние на человека // Материалы междунар. молодеж. экол. форума стран Баренц-региона. Архангельск, 2001. С. 211–212. [Fomicheva Yu.S. Environmental Lead and Its Impact on Humans. Proceedings of the International Youth Ecological Forum of the Countries of the Barents Region. Arkhangelsk, 2001, pp. 211–212].
Abadin H., Ashizawa A., Stevens Y.-W., Llados F., Diamond G., Sage G., Citra M., Quinones A., Bosch S.J., Swarts S.G. Toxicological Profile for Lead. Atlanta, GA, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (US), 2007. 528 p.
Antonovics J., Bradshow A.D., Turner R.G. Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants. Advances in Ecological Research, 1971, vol. 7, pp. 1–85. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60202-0
Antosiewicz D.M. Adaptation of Plants to an Environment Polluted with Heavy Metals. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 1992, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 281–299. DOI: 10.5586/asbp.1992.026
Kabala C., Chodak T., Szerszen L., Karczewska A., Szopka K., Fratczak U. Factors Influencing the Concentration of Heavy Metals in Soils of Allotment Gardens in the City of Wroclaw, Poland. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2009, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 1118–1124.
Kim Y.-Y., Yang Y.-Y., Lee Y. Pb and Cd Uptake in Rice Roots. Physiologia Plantarum, 2002, vol. 116, iss. 3, pp. 368–372. DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1160312.x
Lu Y., Zhu F., Chen J., Gan H., Guo Y. Chemical Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Urban Soils of Guangzhou, China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007, vol. 134, no. 1-3, pp. 429–439. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-007-9634-1
Macnair M.R. The Genetics of Metal Tolerance in Vascular Plants. New Phytologist, 1993, vol. 124, iss. 4, pp. 541–559. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb03846.x
Maina H.M., Egila J.N., Shagal M.H. Chemical Speciation of Some Heavy Metals in Sediments in the Vicinity of Ashaka Cement Factory, Gombe State, Nigeria. Journal of Research in Environmental Science and Toxicology, 2012, vol. 1, iss. 7, pp. 186–194.
Vink A.P.A. Landscape Ecology and Land Use. New York, NY, Longman, 1983. 264 p.
