Operability of Skidding Trails and Technological Corridors on Permafrost
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2025-5-120-132Keywords:
forests on the slopes, forests on permafrost, rutting, timber skidding technological parameters, development of mountain cutting areas, efficiency of skidding trailsAbstract
The area occupied by permafrost in the Russian Federation is more than 10 million km2, or over 60 % of the entire territory of the country. Permafrost in Siberia and the Far East extends far to the south, and spreads over more than 30 % of the forested lands of our country. The forest plantations growing here belong to the boreal coniferous forests, which contain large reserves of valuable mature and overmature forests. A significant portion of them is located on highly rugged terrain, classified as steep and very steep slopes. As an example, southern Yakutia is characterized by large reserves of mature and overmature plantations, while located on the slopes of the Verkhoyansk Ridge, the Aldan Highlands, etc. The regulatory documentation in the field of forest management prohibits the development of cutting areas on permafrost during the warm season. But in addition to the basic logging operations in forest plantations, it is necessary to carry out various forestry activities (maintenance, sanitary, fire-preventive), as well as clearing of cutting areas, etc., which are performed only during the snow-free period using forestry machinery. In this regard, there is a need to find a model to support the adoption of organizational and technological decisions on the placement and operation of primary transport routes in such natural and industrial conditions in order to minimize the negative impact of forestry machinery propellers on soils. It should be taken into account that, despite the general conditions of permafrost, the geotechnical factors of the slopes can vary quite significantly. First of all, this is associated with the inclination of the slope plane to the horizon line, the moisture content of the soil, the inclination of the anisotropy plane and the dilatancy of the soil to the slope plane. The results of theoretical analysis of the influence of geotechnical factors and parameters of a forestry machine on the degree of impact of its propeller on the soils of cutting areas on the slopes are presented.
Downloads
References
Агеев Я.С. Вездеходные колесные и комбинированные движители. М.: Машиностроение, 1972. 184 с. Ageev Ya.S. All-Terrain Wheeled and Combined Propellers. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1972. 184 p. (In Russ.).
Божбов В.Е., Григорьев И.В., Рудов С.Е., Тетеревлева Е.В., Чемшикова Ю.М. Анализ подходов к описанию процессов взаимодействия движителей лесных машин с почвогрунтами лесосек // Resources and Technology. 2019. Т. 16, No 2. С. 13–35. Bozhbov V.E., Grigorev I.V., Rudov S.E., Teterevleva E.V., Chemshikova Yu.M. Analysis of Approaches to the Description of Processes of Interaction of the Propulsion of Forest Machines with the Soil of the Cutting Area. Resources and Technology, 2019, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 13–35. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15393/j2.art.2019.4482
Булычев Н.С. Механика подземных сооружений в примерах и задачах. М.: Недра, 1980. 270 с. Bulychev N.S. Mechanics of Underground Structures in Examples and Problems. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1980. 270 p. (In Russ.).
Вялов С.С. Реологичекие основы механики грунтов. М.: Высш. школа, 1979. 447 с. Vyalov S.S. Rheological Principles of Soil Mechanics. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1979. 447 p. (In Russ.).
Григорьева О.И. Особенности естественного лесовосстановления в условиях криолитозоны // Актуал. направления науч. исслед. XXI в.: теория и практика. 2018. Т. 6, No 4 (40). С. 25–29. Grigoreva O.I. Features of Natural Reforestation in the Conditions of the Cryolithozone. Aktual’nye napravleniya nauchnykh issledovanij XXI veka: teoriya i praktika = Current Directions of Scientific Research of the XXI Century: Theory and Practice, 2018, vol. 6, no. 4 (40), pp. 25–29. (In Russ.).
Зеркаль О.В., Фоменко И.К. Оценка влияния анизотропии свойств грунтов на устойчивость склонов // Инженер. изыскания. 2013. No 9. С. 44–50. Zerkal O.V., Fomenko I.K. Assessment of Anisotropy Effect of Rock Properties on Slope Stability. Inzhenernye izyskaniya, 2013, no. 9, pp. 44–50. (In Russ.).
Калабина М.В., Царапов М.Н. Прочностные свойства оттаивающих грунтов // Современное состояние, проблемы и перспективы развития отраслевой науки: материалы Всерос. конф. с междунар. участием. 2017. С. 542–546. Kalabina M.V., Tsarapov M.N. Strength Properties of Thawing Soils. Sovremennoe sostoyanie, problemy i perspektivy razvitiya otraslevoj nauki: Materials of the All-Russian Conference with International Participation, 2017, pp. 542–546. (In Russ.).
Калистратов А.В., Григорьева О.И., Григорьев Г.В., Дмитриева И.Н. О важности исследований экологической эффективности процесса трелевки // Наука, образование, инновации в приграничном регионе: материалы республиканск. науч.-практ. конф. Петрозаводск: Петрозаводск. гос. ун-т, 2015. С. 7–9. Kalistratov A.V., Grigoreva O.I., Grigorev G.V., Dmitrieva I.N. On the Importance of Research into the Environmental Efficiency of the Skidding Process. Science, Education, Innovations in the Border Region: Materials of the Republican Scientific and Practical Conference. Petrozavodsk, Petrozavodsk State University Publ., 2015, pp. 7–9. (In Russ.).
Каляшов В.А., Шапиро В.Я., Григорьев И.В., Куницкая О.А., Должиков И.С., Друзьянова В.П. Формирование колеи движителем лесной машины на склоне оттаивающего почвогрунта криолитозоны с учетом эффекта солифлюкции // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2024. No 3. С. 140–152. Kalyashov V.A., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigor’ev I.V., Kunitskaya O.A., Dolzhikov I.S., Druz’yanova V.P. The Formation of a Track by the Propulsion of a Forestry Machine on the Slope of the Thawing Soil in the Permafrost Zone,Taking into Account the Effect of Solifluction. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2024, no. 3, pp. 140–152. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-3-140-152
Мирный А.Ю. Исследования дилатансии в дисперсных грунтах и методы ее количественной оценки // Инженер. геология. 2019. Т. XIV, No 2. С. 34–43. Mirnyy A.Yu. Disperse Soils Dilatancy Studies and the Methods of its Quantitative Assessment. Inzhenernaya geologiya = Engineering Geology World, 2019, vol. XIV, no. 2, pp. 34–43. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25296/1993-5056-2019-14-2-34-43
Никифорова А.И., Григорьева О.И. Моделирование воздействия движителей лесных машин на почвы лесосек // Актуал. направления науч. исслед. XXI в.: теория и практика. 2015. Т. 3, No 5-4 (16-4). С. 320–323. Nikiforova A.I., Grigoreva O.I. Modeling of the Influence of Propulsion of Forest Machines on the Soil of the Cutting Area. Aktual’nye napravleniya nauchnykh issledovanij XXI veka: teoriya i praktika = Current Directions of Scientific Research of the XXI Century: Theory and Practice, 2015, vol. 3, no. 5-4 (16-4), pp. 320–323. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.12737/16269
Никифорова А.И., Григорьева О.И., Киселев Д.С., Хахина А.М., Рудов М.Е. Оценка экологической безопасности работы лесных машин // Природные ресурсы и экология Дальневосточного региона: материалы Междунар. науч.-практ. форума. Хабаровск: ТОГУ, 2013. С. 134–138. Nikiforova A.I., Grigoreva O.I., Kiselev D.S., Khakhina A.M., Rudov M.E. Environmental Safety Assessment of Forest Machinery. Prirodnye resursy i ekologiya Dal’nevostochnogo regiona: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Forum. Khabarovsk, Pacific National University Publ., 2013, pp. 134–138. (In Russ.).
Рудов С.Е., Шапиро В.Я., Григорьев И.В., Куницкая О.А., Григорьева О.И. Исследование процесса разрушения мерзлых и оттаивающих почвогрунтов при воздействии трелевочной системы // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2020. No 2. С. 101–117. Rudov S.E., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. The Study of the Destruction Process of Frozen and Thawing Soils Exposed to the Skidding System. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2020, no. 2, pp.101–117. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2020-2-101-117
Рудов С.Е., Шапиро В.Я., Григорьев И.В., Куницкая О.А., Григорьев М.Ф., Пучнин А.Н. Особенности учета состояния массива мерзлых грунтов при циклическом взаимодействии с трелевочной системой // Лесотехн. журн. 2019. Т. 9, No 1 (33). С. 116–128. Rudov S.E., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigor’ev M.F., Puchnin A.N. Features of Taking into Account the Condition of Frozen Soils Solid Mass in Cyclic Interaction with the Skidding System. Lesotekhnicheskij zhurnal = Forestry Engineering Journal, 2019, vol. 9, no.1 (33), pp. 116–128. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.12737/article_5c92016f49c838.40242030
Царапов М.Н. Формирование прочностных характеристик грунтов в процессе оттаивания // Вестн. Московск. ун-та. Сер. 4: Геология. 2007. No 6. С. 31–34. Tsarapov M.N. Formation of Strength Characteristics of Soils during Thawing. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 4: Geologiya = Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4: Geology, 2007, no. 6, pp. 31–34. (In Russ.).
Grigorev I., Zyryanov M., Medvedev S., Mokhirev A., Egipko S., Perfiliev P., Savvateeva I. The Experimental Study of Logging Residue Stock on Logging Sites Following Clear-Cutting Using a Sorting Machine System. International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling, 2023, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 267–275. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSPM.2023.10062370
Grigoreva O., Runova E., Ivanov V., Alyabyev A., Hertz E., Voronova A., Ivanov V., Shadrina S., Grigorev I. Influence of Different Forest Management Techniques on the Quality of Wood. Journal of Renewable Materials, 2021, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 2175–2188. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2021.016387
Grigoreva O., Runova E., Ivanov V., Savchenkova V., Hertz E., Voronova A., Ivanov V., Shvetsova V., Grigorev I., Lavrov M. Comparative Analysis of Thinning Techniques in Pine Forests. Journal of Forestry Research, 2022, vol. 33, pp. 1145–1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-021-01415-8
Rego G.E., Grigoreva O.I., Voronov R.V. Algorithms for Calculating Schemes of Transport Routes in a Felling Area. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021, vol. 806, art. no. 012025. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/806/1/012025
Rudov S.E., Voronova A.M., Chemshikova J.M., Teterevleva E.V., Kruchinin I.N., Dondokov Yu.Z., Khaldeeva M.N., Burtseva I.A., Danilov V.V., Grigorev I.V. Theoretical Approaches to Logging Trail Network Planning: Increasing Efficiency of Forest Machines and Reducing Their Negative Impact on Soil and Terrain. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 2019, vol. 16, iss. 4, pp. 61–75. https://doi.org/10.3233/AJW190049
