The Effect of Climatic Factors on the Seasonal Development of Coniferous Forest-Forming Species in the Taiga Zone (Karelia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2020-3-72-82Keywords:
taiga zone, conifers, spruce, pine, larch, climatic factors, seasonal development, phenologyAbstract
Observations over the seasonal development of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) had been carried out for 15 years in South Karelia (taiga middle subzone). Phenological observations were taken after every 2-3 days. We recorded the time of such phenophases as swelling and bursting of vegetative buds, beginning and ending of shoot growth, isolation of wintering buds on the shoots, blooming, completion of growth, flowering and defoliation, corking of shoots. The research purpose is to study the similarities and differences in the seasonal development of the forest-forming species of Karelia affected by the main climatic factors. In order to establish the desired correlation we used methods of elementary statistics, correlation and regression analyzes. It was found that the starting dates of the majority of phenophases in the studied species largely depend on air temperature, and to a lesser extent on humidity, precipitation and solar radiation. The relationship between the starting dates of phenophases and the studied climatic factors is straightforward, and its strength depends on the biology of species and specificity of the phenophase itself. Features of development of conifers are largely determined by the state of the environment not only of the current year, but also the previous one. The increase in temperature and humidity, as well as in solar radiation in July of the previous year, significantly accelerate the phenological development of trees of the species studied. The studied species can be arranged according to the degree of resistance to climatic conditions of the taiga zone in the following order: Picea
abies, Picea obovata, Pinus sylvestris, and Larix sibirica. It has been found that during the seasonal development Larix sibirica is the least demanding of air temperature, and the most demanding is Picea abies.
For citation: Kishchenko I.T. The Effect of Climatic Factors on the Seasonal Development of Coniferous Forest-Forming Species in the Taiga Zone (Karelia). Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2020, no. 3, pp. 72–82. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2020-3-72-82
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