Studying the Rheological Properties of a Polylactide Melt Mixed with Wood Filler
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-1-173-179Keywords:
polylactide, biodegradable polymers, wood filler, thermal modification, 3D thread, rheological properties, melt flow indexAbstract
Composite materials based on wood filler are promising materials that are actively conquering the market. This is due to the advantages of using these materials in various fields: weather resistance and environmental compatibility, easy machining and possibility of recycling. Furthermore, it is sustainable use of wastes of timber sawing and furniture and woodworking industries, as well as low-grade wood. Wood powder is also known to be one of the components of consumables used in additive 3D printing technologies. Over the last decade, the commercial use of 3D printers has increased rapidly due to the fact that it allows creating prototype objects of complex shape based on a computer model. Experimental studies were carried out to determine the tensile strength and rheological properties of a composite made of polylactide 4043D, untreated wood powder brand 140 and wood powder thermally modified at 200 and 240 °C. The composite is intended for creation of three-dimensional objects by extrusion using a 3D printer. It was found that with an increase in the amount of filler in the composite, the tensile strength decreases. Also, samples with thermally modified filler show an increase in tensile strength in comparison with samples with untreated filler. Prototypes of 3D threads with different composition were obtained, during the study of which the melt flow index was examined. It was found that with increasing temperature of wood filler treatment the melt flow index increases. With a lower content of wood powder in the melt composition, there is a 2-fold increase in the melt flow index. The knowing of the rheological properties of the resulting compositions will allow achieving maximum performance and reduction of energy and production costs.
For citation: Sabirova G.A., Safin R.R., Galyavetdinov N.R., Shaikhutdinova A.R., Khayrullin R.Z. Studying the Rheological Properties of a Polylactide Melt Mixed with Wood Filler. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 1, pp. 173–179. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-1-173-179
Funding: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-33-90249.
Downloads
References
Касьянов Г.И. Биоразрушаемая упаковка для пищевых продуктов // Вестн. науки и образования Северо-Запада России. 2015. Т. 1, № 1. С. 112–119 [Kasyanov G.I. Biodegradable Food Packaging. Vestnik nauki i obrazovaniya Severo-Zapada Rossii [Journal of Science and Education of the North-West Russia], 2015, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 112–119].
Левченко Е.В., Чернышева Н.Л. Производство биоразлагаемого полимера полилактида // Вестн. молодеж. науки. 2016. № 4(6). С. 1–5. [Levchenko E.V., Chernysheva N.L. Production of biodegradable Polymer Polylactidе. Vestnik molodezhnoy nauki [Journal of Youth Science], 2016, no. 4(6), pp. 1–5].
Лысыч М.Н., Белинченко Р.А., Шкильный А.А. Технологии 3D печати // Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика. 2014. № 4-3(9-3). С. 215–219. [Lysych M.N., Belinchenko R.A., Shkil’nyy A.A. Technologies 3D Printing. Aktual’nyye napravleniya nauchnykh issledovaniy XXI veka: teoriya i praktika [Actual Directions of Scientific Researches of the XXI Century: Theory and Practice], 2014, no. 4-3(9-3), pp. 215–219]. DOI: 10.12737/6147
Лысыч М.Н., Шабанов М.Л., Качурин А.А. Обзор современных технологий 3D печати // Современные наукоемкие технологии. 2015. № 6. С. 26–30. [Lysych M.N., Shabanov M.L., Kachurin A.A. Review Modern Technologies 3D Printing. Sovremennyye naukoyemkiye tekhnologii [Modern high technologies], 2015, no. 6, pp. 26–30].
Черкасова Н.Г., Стрикун В.В. Влияние древесной пыли на качество композиционных строительных материалов // Хвойные бореальной зоны. 2017. Т. XXXV, № 1-2. С. 106–110. [Cherkasova N.G., Strikun V.V. Influence of Wood Dust on Quality Composite Construction Materials. Hvojnye boreal’noj zony [Conifers of the boreal area], 2017, vol. 35, no. 1-2, pp. 106–110].
Ayrilmis N., Kariž M., Kitek Kuzman M. Effect of Wood Flour Content on Surface Properties of 3D Printed Materials Produced from Wood Flour/PLA Filament. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 2019, vol. 24, iss. 7, pp. 659–666. DOI: 10.1080/1023666X.2019.1651547
Ayrilmis N., Kaymakci A., Ozdemir F. Physical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Polypropylene Composites Filled with Walnut Shell Flour. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2013, vol. 19, iss. 3, pp. 908–914. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.11.006
Butylina S., Martikka O., Timo K. Comparison of Water Absorption and Mechanical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites Made from Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 2010, vol. 5(3-4), pp. 220–228. DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2010.532233
Hammiche D., Boukerrou A., Azzeddine B., Guermazi, N., Budtova T. Characterization of Polylactic Acid Green Composites and Its Biodegradation in a Bacterial Environment. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 2019, vol. 24, iss. 3, pp. 236–244. DOI: 10.1080/1023666X.2019.1567083
Hiziroglu S., Zarate S. Mechanical Properties and Surface Characteristics of Colombian Wood Composites. Journal of Composite Materials, 2007, vol. 41, iss. 18, pp. 2225– 2234. DOI: 10.1177/0021998307075432
Kariz M., Sernek M., Obućina M., Kitek Kuzman M. Effect of Wood Content in FDM Filament on Properties of 3D Printed Parts. Materials Today Communications, 2018, vol. 14, pp. 135–140. DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2017.12.016
Khasanshin R.R., Safin R.R., Razumov E.Y. High Temperature Treatment of Birch Plywood in the Sparse Environment for the Creation of a Waterproof Construction Veneer. Procedia Engineering, 2016, vol. 150, pp. 1541–1546. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.108
Li Y., Shimizu H. Toughening of Polylactide by Melt Blending with a Biodegradable Poly(ether)urethane Elastomer. Macromolecular Bioscience, 2007, vol. 7, iss. 7, pp. 921–928. DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200700027
Mandal D.K., Bhunia H., Bajpai P.K. Thermal Degradation Kinetics of PP/PLA Nanocomposite Blends. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 2019, vol. 32, iss. 12, pp. 1714–1730. DOI: 10.1177/0892705718805130
Moetazedian A., Gleadall A., Han X., Silberschmidt V.V. Effect of Environment on Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Polylactide for Biomedical Applications. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2020, vol. 102, art. 103510. DOI: 10.1016/ j.jmbbm.2019.103510
Murphy W.L., Kohn D.H., Mooney D.J. Growth of Continuous Bonelike Mineral within Porous Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Scaffolds in vitro. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2000, vol. 50, iss. 1, pp. 50–58. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(200004)50:1<50::aidjbm8> 3.0.co;2-f
Qiang T., Yu D., Gao H., Wang Y. Polylactide-Based Wood Plastic Composites Toughened with SBS. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 2012, vol. 51, iss. 2, pp. 193–198. DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2011.618518
Qiang T., Yu D., Wang Y., Gao H. Polylactide-Based Wood Plastic Composites Modified with Linear Low Density Polyethylene. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 2010, vol. 52, iss. 2, pp. 149–156. DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2012.734359
Razumov E.Y., Safin R.R., Barcík S., Kvietková M., Romelevich K.R. Studies on Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials Based on Thermo Modified Timber. Drvna industrija, 2013, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 3–8. DOI: 10.5552/drind.2013.1206
Vančo M., Mazáň A., Barcík S., Rajko L., Koleda P., Vyhnáliková Z., Safin R.R. Impact of Selected Technological, Technical, and Material Factors on the Quality of Machined Surface at Face Milling of Thermally Modified Pine Wood. BioResources, 2017, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 5140–5154. DOI: 10.15376/biores.12.3.5140-5154
Vert M., Santos I.D., Ponsart S., Alauzet N., Morgat J.-L., Coudane J., Garreau H. Degradable Polymers in a Living Environment: Where Do You End Up? Polymer International, 2002, vol. 51, iss. 10, pp. 840–844. DOI: 10.1002/pi.903
