Variability of Morphological and Biological Characteristics of the Diasporas of East Asian Representatives of the Maleae Tribe Cultivated in the Subarctic Region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2025-5-198-211Keywords:
introduction, Maleae Small, East Asian flora, variability, fruit weight, seed weight, seed qualityAbstract
A comprehensive analysis of the variability of morphological and biological characteristics of the diasporas of East Asian representatives of the Maleae Small (Rosaceae) tribe, introduced and cultivated in the conditions of the subarctic region, has been carried out at the Dengrological Garden named after I.M. Straronovich. The research has covered such parameters as the weight of 1,000 fruits and 1,000 seeds, the percentage of seeds yielding from fruits, and the seed quality (viability). The coefficients of variation have ranged from 8.4 to 37.2 % for the weight of 1,000 fruits, from 10.5 to 41.9 % for the weight of 1,000 seeds, from 14.9 to 98.1 % for the percentage of seed yield from fruits and from 13.7 to 71 % for quality/viability. The analysis of correlations has revealed the complex nature of intertrait relationships and significant phenotypic variability. Thus, the plum-leaved apple trea (Malus prunifolia (Willd.)) has shown a high negative correlation between fruit weight and seed yield (r = –0.51, p < 0.05). In the Siberian crab apple tree (M. baccata (L.) Borkh.) from the natural range, statistically significant positive correlations have been established between the weight of 1,000 fruits, the weight of 1,000 seeds and viability (r = 0.61–0.73, p < 0.05), whereas in specimens from the secondary range these relationships are absent or insignificant. For the crab apple tree samples from the Perm Botanical Garden, a stable positive correlation has been established between seed weight and their quality (r = 0.72–0.84, p < 0.05). Overall, the weight of 1,000 fruits and the percentage of seed yield from fruits show predominantly week or negative correlations (r = –0.59–0.38). The results obtained emphasize the necessity for a comprehensive and direct assessment of the quality of seed material when performing introduction and breeding activities. The practical significance of this research lies in ensuring effective selection and forecasting of the productivity of introduced species, which contributes to the formation of stable and productive populations of woody plants in the climatic conditions of the subarctic region.
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