Escapism: Between Nature and Culture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37482/2287-1505-V081Keywords:
escapism, romantism, travel, nature, culture, social pressure, digital communications, InternetAbstract
This paper dwells on the phenomenon of escapism and suggests regarding it as a natural human
need that has not only a negative, but also a productive form. The author analyses the idea of escapism
as a human escape from natural threats by creating culture and “second nature” (proposed by the cultural
geographer Yi-Fu Tuan). It is shown that, indeed, even those human societies that are closest to nature
cannot survive without culture and technologies. Further, it is demonstrated that in the late 18th – early
19th centuries because of scientific and industrial revolutions the cultural trend of Romanticism rejects
the technogenic society and rationality. Instead, it takes interest in nature as reflecting the emotional,
intuitive components of the human spirit. Wild natural landscapes, to which a romanticist wishes to
escape, are attractive not just in themselves, but because their contemplation becomes a way for a
person to better understand his/her inner world. Wild nature is also appealing to a romanticist because
being alone with it a person is free from the pressure of the society that is turning into a mass society
with high level of bureaucracy. With the onset of the Internet era, many people tend at first to escape
to the virtual world with no limitations, but over time the Internet becomes an integral part of the social
life of all people, thus losing its escapist appeal. On the contrary, another wish emerges: to escape
from the Internet (which can be regarded as “third nature”) and from the total social control exercised
by other Internet users back to the “real” – offline – world. Thus, a conclusion is drawn that escapism is
not provoked just by natural threats or social pressure: a person wishes to escape not from nature or
culture, but from the situation where he/she feels bad to a better situation, and while searching for such
a place a person can act as a creative force that changes the world.
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