Reference List Preparation

1. Reference list entries should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text, i.e. the source referred to first is numbered “1”, the second “2”, etc.

2. Each reference is listed once only, since the same number is used throughout the paper. However, page numbers may change. In-text citations are put in square brackets. For example: [6, p. 2].

3. The absence of page numbers within square brackets implies that the reference is made to the entire work. Several references to one and the same thing are indicated within square brackets, the reference numbers are separated from one another by a semicolon followed by a space. For example: [5, p. 3; 6; 9].

4. A reference entry includes key elements allowing one to easily identify the source. There is no need to overburden the reference with elements necessary for electronic or card catalogues of libraries.

Reference list entries should include the following information: 

For books:

  • The author’s or editor’s (compiler’s) name (or names)
  • The title of the book
  • The city it was published in
  • The year it was published
  • The number of pages.  

Example:
Gollwitzer H. The Existence of God as Confessed by Faith. London, 1965.

For collected papers:

  • The author’s name (or names)
  • The title of the paper
  • The title of the source (collection, conference proceedings)
  • Subtitle, if needed (type of publication etc.)
  • The city the collection was published in
  • The year the collection was published
  • The page number/s of the paper (obligatory!)

Examples:

Knight J. Towards African Higher Education Regionalization and Harmonization: Functional, Organizational and Political Approaches. The Development of Higher Education in Africa: Prospects and Challenges. London, 2014, pp. 347–373.

Vasileska A., Reckoska G. Culinary Identity as Important Segment of Tourist Offer. Tourism and Hospitality Management: Conf. Proc. Newcastle, 2010, pp. 1622–1628.

For journal articles:

  • The author’s name (or names)
  • The title of the article
  • The title of the journal
  • The year it was published
  • The number (issue) of the journal
  • The page number/s of the article in the journal

Example:

Braun H. The Problem of New Testament Theology. J. Theol. Church, 1965, no. 1, pp. 169–183.
For newspaper articles:

  • The author’s name (or names), if applicable
  • The title of the article
  • The title of the newspaper
  • The date when the newspaper was published (for weeklies, the number (issue) of the newspaper)
  • The place of publication is indicated if the newspaper is little known or has a standard title.

Example:

Discussion in Tullamore. Kildare Observer, 3 March 1923.

For theses (dissertations):

  • The author’s name
  • The title of the dissertation
  • The type of publication
  • The city it was published in
  • The year it was published
  • The number of pages (optional)

Example:

Koivistoinen E. Acceptable or Not? Split Infinitives in American English: Bachelor’s Thesis. Jyväskylä, 2012.

A reference to electronic sources should, if possible, contain a standard set of identifying data, but must include a link to the web page and the date it was accessed.

Example:

Robertson S.L. Europe/Asia Regionalism, Higher Education and the Production of World Order. Available at: http://www.bris.ac.uk/education/people/academicStaff/edslr/publications/24slr (accessed 15 March 2015).

An archival reference should include the modern name of the archives (an acronym for common ones), fund number, inventory number, case number, and sheet number.
Legal documents (laws, resolutions) are described under the title, then the type of material, date of adoption, source and date of publication are indicated.

For example:

On Awarding the Presidential Prizes in Education-1998: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, 4 October 1999. Rossiyskaya gazeta, 6 October 1999.

The description of a state standard must contain its number and year of adoption, its title and the source of publication.

There should be no references to dissertation abstracts!

References to textbooks, study guides and training manuals are not allowed!

5. The minimum number of references is 10 (this does not include archival sources and reference materials: dictionaries, encyclopaedias, reference books, etc., as well as analysed works, legal acts, state standards, illustrative materials, and links to webpages unless you cite a monograph, a collection of articles or a paper with indicated authorship).

6. The number of references should not exceed 30; in review articles – 70 (this does not include archival sources and reference materials: dictionaries, encyclopaedias, reference books, etc., as well as analysed works, legal acts, state standards, illustrative materials, and links to webpages unless you cite a monograph, a collection of articles or a paper with indicated authorship). 
7. Self-citations should not exceed 15 % of the total number of references (this does not include archival sources and reference materials: dictionaries, encyclopaedias, reference books, etc., as well as analysed works, legal acts, state standards, illustrative materials, and links to webpages unless you cite a monograph, a collection of articles or a paper with indicated authorship). 
8. Fresh sources (5–7 years old) should make up at least 50 % of the reference list (this does not include archival sources and reference materials: dictionaries, encyclopaedias, reference books, etc., as well as analysed works, legal acts, state standards, illustrative materials, and links to webpages unless you cite a monograph, a collection of articles or a paper with indicated authorship). 
9. References should be numbered consecutively.

NB! Notes, comments and links to regulations, websites (if this is not a book, collection, article, etc. in electronic form), document sources and analysed literature are given in the footnotes (at the bottom of the page). The footnote marker is an Arabic numeral (sequential numbering).

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Dear authors!
Correctly presented references and footnotes:

  • improve the quality of materials published,
  • allow other authors to use your sources,
  • significantly save space for other articles